Anthocharis sara, the Sara Orangetip is one of three species in the Sara Orangetip complex. It is a California endemic butterfly with populations extending from Baja California into extreme southwest Oregon. The common name, Pacific Orangetip, is obsolete since its implied distribution includes two separate species. http://centerforsystematicentomology.org/insectamundi/0615_Stout_2018.pdf A review of three species-level taxa of the Anthocharis sara complex (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Pierinae: Anthocharidini)
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Anthocharis sara has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens111
BINs3
Marker genes1
eDNA detections101
Countries2
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus106 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 98% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 15 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)0.55%
Haplotypes24
BINs3
Most divergent pair3.3%
N.AmericaOther
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P
animal barcode
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type6 355 records
Wild obs. + sensor4 464
Museum / vouchered1 534
Other357
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO9 736 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy85% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 970≤1 km 928≤10 km 393>10 km 129
3 420 georeferenced · 1 044 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor4 464
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy40% within 1 km
≤100 m 197≤1 km 364≤10 km 692>10 km 153
1 406 georeferenced · 128 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 534
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions17 of 33 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
New Haven, US
526
Edmonton, CA
248
KWPlocation not on record
152
Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record
132
Cambridge, US
84
Denver, US
50
San Diego, US
45
Georgia Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
42
Cleveland Museum of Natural History, OH (CLEV)location not on record
41
München, DE
40
Colorado State Universitylocation not on record
38
US
16
Zürich, CH
13
University of Central Floridalocation not on record
10
University of Alberta Museums (UAM)location not on record
7
Blacksburg, US
7
Philadelphia, US
6
WWUlocation not on record
6
US
4
Santa Barbara Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
4
New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Sciencelocation not on record
4
Essig Museum of Entomologylocation not on record
3
King Saud Universitylocation not on record
2
Tartu, EE
2
ASUlocation not on record
2
Chicago, US
2
Universidad Católica de Manizaleslocation not on record
2
San Francisco, US
1
Vernal, US
1
Washington, US
1
Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record
1
SOVTlocation not on record
1
Santa Cruz, US
1
33 institutions · 1 494 of 1 534 vouchered records shown · 40 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA101 detections
Where the DNA of Anthocharis sara was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found101
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 101 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
1. Forest & Woodland
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median16.0 °C 10.5–16.8
Seasonal swing summer↔winter19.7 °C
Max temp (day)23.2 °C 17.8–23.2
Min temp (night)9.00 °C 4.20–12.5
Precipitation14.2 mm/mo 9.30–38.9
Air humidity44.9 % 43.0–58.8
Moisture balance-141 mm/mo -148–-95.3
Vapour deficit1,007 Pa 673–1,007
Wind speed4.50 m/s 2.70–6.60
Cloud cover35.2 % 26.4–35.2
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 56 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility6 355 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI101 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics111 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗