The migrant hawker (Aeshna mixta) is one of the smaller species of hawker dragonflies. It can be found away from water but for breeding it prefers still or slow-flowing water and can tolerate brackish sites. The flight period is from July to the end of October. A. mixta occurs in North Africa, southern and central Europe to the Baltic region.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Aeshna mixta has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens91
BINs2
Marker genes3
eDNA detections55
Countries15
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus59 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 98% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 13 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)0.65%
Haplotypes15
BINs2
Most divergent pair2.1%
Europe
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-3P★COI-5P16S
animal barcoderibosomal
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · TreeOfSex
The complete instruction manualAeshna mixta carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
TreeOfSex · invert — Kiauta B (1969) Sex chromosomes and sex determining mechanisms in Odonata, with a review of the cytological conditions in the family Gomphidae, and references to the karyotypic evolution in the order. Genetica 40: 127-157. ↗
2n 272×GoaT · Animal Chromosome Counts Database · GoaT · Tree of Sex Database
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin35.6 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type308 864 records
Wild obs. + sensor308 072
Museum / vouchered746
Other46
Origin
Native8 994
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO143 368 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy45% within 1 km
≤100 m 85 438≤1 km 44 940≤10 km 159 173>10 km 1 013
290 564 georeferenced · 17 508 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor308 072
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy64% within 1 km
≤100 m 133≤1 km 127≤10 km 139>10 km 6
405 georeferenced · 341 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence746
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions19 of 54 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
DanishLepidopterologicalSocietylocation not on record
111
Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiulocation not on record
79
Washington, US
49
Bonn, DE
37
Salzburg, AT
30
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
28
Tilburg, NL
27
Philadelphia, US
24
MZLUlocation not on record
22
GVlocation not on record
15
Provincia di Livornolocation not on record
14
Zürich, CH
12
Bern, CH
11
Nijmegen, NL
11
Naturéum — Muséum cantonal des sciences naturelles, Lausanne, Département Zoologielocation not on record
10
BioFokuslocation not on record
9
Musee d'Histoire Naturallelocation not on record
9
Geneva, CH
9
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
8
MUSE - Museo delle Scienze di Trentolocation not on record
8
University of Lodz, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiologylocation not on record
8
Montréal, CA
6
Cornell University Insect Collectionlocation not on record
5
Tartu, EE
5
Helsinki, FI
5
NTNU-VMlocation not on record
4
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
4
Uniwersytet w Białymstokulocation not on record
4
Paro, BT
3
WGlocation not on record
3
South Kensington, GB
3
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
3
CBDClocation not on record
3
Bavarian State Collection of Zoologylocation not on record
3
Natural History Museum, Londonlocation not on record
3
Ugentlocation not on record
2
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
2
Sion, CH
2
University of Milano Bicoccalocation not on record
2
National Museums of Kenyalocation not on record
2
ZABAlocation not on record
2
John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
2
Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collectionlocation not on record
2
ZSMlocation not on record
2
neflocation not on record
1
EXP, CPBlocation not on record
1
University Park, US
1
Private Collection of Giacomo Assandrilocation not on record
1
Stockholm, SE
1
Iwate Prefectural Museumlocation not on record
1
Vancouver, CA
1
National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record
1
Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciêncialocation not on record
1
Barcelona, ES
1
54 institutions · 613 of 746 vouchered records shown · 133 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA55 detections
Where the DNA of Aeshna mixta was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found55
Studies independent surveys2
Countries10
Verifiable raw sequence linked1
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 55 detections have coordinates
Open the map10 countries0
StauseeFluss
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median17.0 °C 10.9–20.6
Seasonal swing summer↔winter20.3 °C
Max temp (day)20.9 °C 13.4–25.2
Min temp (night)12.6 °C 6.50–16.0
Precipitation79.5 mm/mo 61.0–134
Air humidity60.0 % 57.1–63.3
Moisture balance-16.0 mm/mo -67.1–63.8
Vapour deficit772 Pa 502–1,064
Wind speed2.90 m/s 1.40–4.10
Cloud cover39.2 % 34.4–46.0
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 47 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation11 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility308 864 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI55 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics91 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗