A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Aeshna cyanea has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens138
BINs3
Marker genes5
eDNA detections97
Countries23
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus90 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 98% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 11 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)0.56%
Haplotypes12
BINs2
Most divergent pair0.61%
Europe
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-3P★COI-5P★ITS116S18S-5P
animal barcodefungal barcoderibosomal
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · TreeOfSex
The complete instruction manualAeshna cyanea carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy57% within 1 km
≤100 m 126 816≤1 km 55 366≤10 km 134 058>10 km 1 861
318 101 georeferenced · 19 516 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor337 617
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy56% within 1 km
≤100 m 285≤1 km 707≤10 km 728>10 km 43
1 763 georeferenced · 682 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence2 445
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions28 of 67 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Salzburg, AT
311
Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiulocation not on record
220
DanishLepidopterologicalSocietylocation not on record
163
Bern, CH
112
Tilburg, NL
86
Philadelphia, US
83
Musee d'Histoire Naturallelocation not on record
77
Zürich, CH
74
Washington, US
70
Geneva, CH
66
BioFokuslocation not on record
63
Helsinki, FI
56
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
54
Provincia di Livornolocation not on record
53
NHMOlocation not on record
48
MUSE - Museo delle Scienze di Trentolocation not on record
39
Naturéum — Muséum cantonal des sciences naturelles, Lausanne, Département Zoologielocation not on record
38
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
35
Tartu, EE
33
Bonn, DE
30
MZLUlocation not on record
30
NTNU-VMlocation not on record
24
Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collectionlocation not on record
13
Nijmegen, NL
12
CBDClocation not on record
11
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
10
Naturmuseum Solothurnlocation not on record
10
University Park, US
9
Paro, BT
8
Tromsø, NO
8
GVlocation not on record
7
Bavarian State Collection of Zoologylocation not on record
7
Cornell University Insect Collectionlocation not on record
6
Montréal, CA
6
ZABAlocation not on record
6
Sion, CH
6
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
5
Jyväskylä, FI
5
Uniwersytet w Białymstokulocation not on record
5
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
5
Winterthur, CH
4
Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciêncialocation not on record
4
Radicondoli, IT
4
European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)location not on record
4
Vancouver, CA
4
NMOKlocation not on record
3
University of Milano Bicoccalocation not on record
3
ZMAAlocation not on record
3
Uniwersytet Łódzkilocation not on record
3
East Lansing, US
2
Fribourg, CH
2
ZSMlocation not on record
2
Stockholm, SE
2
Kent State Universitylocation not on record
2
Private Collection of Giacomo Assandrilocation not on record
2
Ugentlocation not on record
2
Copenhagen, DK
2
neflocation not on record
2
Universität Zürich, Naturhistorisches Museumlocation not on record
2
Banyoles, ES
2
Natural History Museum, Londonlocation not on record
1
University of Lodz, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiologylocation not on record
1
National Museums of Kenyalocation not on record
1
WGlocation not on record
1
Auckland, NZ
1
Barcelona, ES
1
South Kensington, GB
1
67 institutions · 1 965 of 2 445 vouchered records shown · 478 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA97 detections
Where the DNA of Aeshna cyanea was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found97
Studies independent surveys1
Countries17
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 97 detections have coordinates
Open the map17 countries0
14. Artificial - Terrestrial | 14.5 Urban Ar…
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median13.2 °C 2.10–20.4
Seasonal swing summer↔winter19.9 °C
Max temp (day)17.6 °C 5.80–24.9
Min temp (night)9.20 °C -2.60–14.7
Precipitation78.7 mm/mo 36.6–179
Air humidity61.6 % 56.0–64.1
Moisture balance-0.5 mm/mo -63.5–124
Vapour deficit564 Pa 364–1,009
Wind speed3.70 m/s 2.00–5.60
Cloud cover40.7 % 33.8–47.1
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 71 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility340 296 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI97 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics138 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗