Semicassis bisulcata, common name: the Japanese bonnet, is a species of large sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cassidae, the helmet snails and bonnet snails.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Semicassis bisulcata has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens12
BINs3
Marker genes4
eDNA detections10
Countries3
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P616 bp consensus6 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 85% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 95 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)7.1%
Haplotypes4
BINs3
Most divergent pair10.2%
AsiaOther
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P16S12S28S
animal barcoderibosomalmarker
07Deep time23–0.01 Ma
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
Fossil range23–0.01 Ma Oligocene → Pleistocene
Dated fossil finds20
StatusStill living record runs to the present
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Semicassis bisulcata. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
fossil range (PBDB)each dot = one dated find
How it livedPBDB
Life habitepifaunal
Dietcarnivore
Motilityactively mobile
Visionlimited
Compositionaragonite
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type1 572 records
Wild obs. + sensor187
Museum / vouchered1 353
Cultivated / captive8
Fossil21
Other3
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO2 896 km²
Depth
0–200 m sunlit105
200–1000 m twilight24
1–4 km midnight0
>4 km abyssal0
median 52.4 m · max 784.5 m · 129 records with depth
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy81% within 1 km
≤100 m 39≤1 km 36≤10 km 7>10 km 11
93 georeferenced · 94 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor187
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy46% within 1 km
≤100 m 7≤1 km 294≤10 km 260>10 km 91
652 georeferenced · 701 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 353
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km
≤1 km 8
8 georeferenced
Open the mapnot free-living8
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions16 of 42 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Sydney, AU
183
Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territorylocation not on record
118
Philadelphia, US
102
Paris, FR
64
Natick, US
37
Washington, US
37
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
31
Western Australian Museumlocation not on record
26
Santa Barbara Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
17
Cambridge, US
15
DEWlocation not on record
15
Denver, US
12
Los Angeles, US
12
Brussels, BE
12
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
11
CASlocation not on record
8
RBINS-Scientific Heritagelocation not on record
8
National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korealocation not on record
7
Toyohashi Museum Of Natural Historylocation not on record
6
Museums Victorialocation not on record
6
NTNU-VMlocation not on record
5
Nishinomiya Shell Museumlocation not on record
5
Tomioka, JP
3
Paleontological Research Institutionlocation not on record
3
Bando, JP
3
QVMAGlocation not on record
3
Mutare Museumlocation not on record
2
Auckland, NZ
2
Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Marseillelocation not on record
2
Frankfurt am Main
2
Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record
2
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
2
Champaign, US
2
Wakayama Prefectural Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
2
Delaware Museum of Nature and Sciencelocation not on record
1
Manazuru Endo Shell Museumlocation not on record
1
John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
1
South Kensington, GB
1
Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciêncialocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
Tasmanian Museum & Art Gallerylocation not on record
1
DOI/NPS, Salem Maritime National Historic Sitelocation not on record
1
42 institutions · 773 of 1 353 vouchered records shown · 9 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA10 detections
Where the DNA of Semicassis bisulcata was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found10
Studies independent surveys1
Countries3
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 10 detections have coordinates
Open the map3 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median25.8 °C 20.1–27.6
Seasonal swing summer↔winter5.20 °C
Max temp (day)27.6 °C 22.6–28.7
Min temp (night)23.8 °C 17.0–26.2
Precipitation28.8 mm/mo 24.3–133
Air humidity65.2 % 59.4–67.2
Vapour deficit1,145 Pa 877–1,253
Cloud cover31.3 % 29.2–41.6
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 8 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility924 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System628 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI10 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics12 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗