Dirofilaria repens

Railliet & Henry, 1911 · species

image placeholder — illustration coming later

Animalia/Nematoda/Chromadorea/Rhabditida/Onchocercidae/Dirofilaria

At a glance

Occurrence records48

Data sources10

Biological traits0

DNA specimens334

eDNA detections330

Sources10 archives

Databases and archives Dirofilaria repens's data was compiled from.

WikipediaWikimedia Foundation5 languages↗

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility48 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI330 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics334 specimens↗

Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗

NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗

Catalogue of LifeCOLtaxonomy↗

GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗

On this page5 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Occurrence & distributionGBIF48 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 10 countries330 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD334 specimens

Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI≈100 Mbp

01Narrative

Dirofilaria repens is a filarial nematode that affects dogs and other carnivores such as cats, wolves, coyotes, foxes, and sea lions, as well as muskrats. It is transmitted by mosquitoes. Although humans may become infected as aberrant hosts, the worms fail to reach adulthood while infecting a human body.

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

No structured trait data for this taxon yet.

05DNA & barcoding334 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Dirofilaria repens has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens334

BINs3

Marker genes2

eDNA detections330

Countries28

The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen

COI-5P422 bp consensus202 specimens

ACGT

▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies

Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 99% of positions are identical in every specimen.

Where individuals differ — all 3 variable positions, in barcode order

299Amostly conserved

316Amostly conserved

364Amostly conserved

TTGGATGTTGCCTTTGATATTGGGGGCTCCTGAGATGGCGTTTCCTCGTGTTAATGCTTTGTCTTTTTGGTTTACTTTTGTTGCTTTGTT …

Variant network

Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.

Diversity (π)0.82%

Haplotypes11

BINs3

Most divergent pair0.95%

EuropeAsiaOther

Closest relatives by DNA barcode

The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.

Dirofilaria ursisame genus7.6%Onchocerca fasciatasame family9.0%Onchocerca volvulussame family9.0%Onchocerca lupisame family9.3%Setaria cervisame family9.5%

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★COI-3P★COI-5P

animal barcode

Organelle genome

Besides the big genome in the nucleus, cells carry a small, circular loop of DNA inside the cell's energy factories — the mitochondria. It is inherited almost only from the mother and is a leftover from ancient bacteria that moved into the cell. The mitochondrial markers above (ND*, COX, CYTB…) are read from exactly this loop. Outer ring = one strand, inner ring = the other.

▸ Tap any coloured segment — or a gene chip — to see what it is

Mitochondrion

NC_029975 ↗ · 12 protein · 22 tRNA · 2 rRNA

ND2ND4COX1ND6CYTBCOX3ND4LND1ATP6COX2ND3ND512S ribosomal RNA16S ribosomal RNA

◖ violet arc = the COI-5P barcode — the ~650 bp read used to ID this species

Pick a coloured segment on the ring — or a gene chip — to read what that gene does.

protein-codingrRNAtRNA

06Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI

The complete instruction manual Dirofilaria repens carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Genome size≈99 578 628 bp assembly estimate

Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).

BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb

FUNGUS0.04 Gb

THIS GENOME Dirofilaria repens0.10 Gb

INSECT0.25 Gb

HUMAN3.2 Gb

WHEAT17 Gb

FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb

Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers

Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.

Assembly levelScaffold

Completeness94.4% BUSCO

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type48 records

Museum / vouchered48

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO88 km²

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy13% within 1 km

≤100 m 2≤10 km 9>10 km 4

15 georeferenced · 33 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence48

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions2 of 2 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
Mexico City, MX	2
Washington, US	2

2 institutions · 4 of 48 vouchered records shown · 30 without an institution code

09Environmental DNA330 detections

Where the DNA of Dirofilaria repens was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found330

Studies independent surveys1

Countries10

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 330 detections have coordinates

Open the map10 countries0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

Modelled climatemodelled

−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C

Temperature median8.50 °C 7.20–18.9

Seasonal swing summer↔winter21.2 °C

Max temp (day)12.7 °C 10.1–23.2

Min temp (night)4.90 °C 3.10–14.5

Precipitation64.2 mm/mo 47.0–88.6

Air humidity61.0 % 59.0–64.1

Moisture balance-16.1 mm/mo -51.1–22.8

Vapour deficit522 Pa 436–895

Wind speed3.10 m/s 1.30–3.90

Cloud cover44.6 % 27.6–51.4

CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 25 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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