Coenonympha dorus
Esper, 1782 · speciesAt a glance
Sources9 archives
Databases and archives Coenonympha dorus's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation7 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility16 934 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI39 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics42 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Coenonympha dorus, the dusky heath, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae."Coenonympha Hübner, [1819]" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms It is found in south-western Europe and North Africa. The length of the forewings is 16–17 mm. Seitz C. dorus Esp. (= dorilis Bkh., dorion Hbn.) (48 f). male above entirely shaded with soot-colour, except the posterior portion of the disc of the hindwing; female reddish yellow with a broad black apex and distal margin to both wings. The hindwing above has a curved, proximally convex row of ocelli, which is very irregular on the underside. In South France, Spain and Portugal as well as in Italy, in stony places, not rare, in June and July. — The form austauti Oberth. [ now the subspecies C. d. austauti Oberthür, 1881 ] has ochre-yellow smears on the forewing above, the white band on the underside of the hindwing is much more prominent; from western Algeria. — bieli Stgr., from Portugal, has the hindwing above strongly sooty in both sexes, nearly all the reddish yellow having disappeared from the disc, and the hindwing beneath has the ocelli as well as the metallic line strongly reduced. — andalusica Ribbe has likewise the ocelli on the hindwing beneath strongly reduced, whereas the upperside, especially of the females, is still bright clay-colour; from South Spain. — In ab. caeca Oberth. (48 f) the ocelli are entirely absent from beneath, but the light distal band is present as a unicolourous area; from the Pyrenees. — The ab. fulvia Oberth. (from the Lozère), on the contrary, has the ocelli developed, but there is no light scaling around them, so that they are situated direct in the ground colour. — Nothing is known of the larva of dorus except that it is said (Ruhl) to feed on bent-grass (Agrostis).The butterfly is on the wing from June to August.Seitz. A. in Seitz, A. ed. Band 1: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, 1909, 379 Seiten, mit 89 kolorierten Tafeln (3470 Figuren) The larvae feed on various grasses.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
No structured trait data for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Coenonympha dorus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Coenonympha dorus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type16 934 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions8 of 19 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| UMUlocation not on record | 520 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 154 |
| Edmonton, CA | 52 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 31 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 29 |
| Laboratorium voor Microbiologie der Landbouwhogeschoollocation not on record | 26 |
| Zürich, CH | 21 |
| NMOKlocation not on record | 16 |
| New Haven, US | 11 |
| Tartu, EE | 9 |
| MZLUlocation not on record | 7 |
| UVEG-ENVlocation not on record | 3 |
| Cambridge, US | 2 |
| Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiulocation not on record | 2 |
| Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record | 1 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 1 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
| East Lansing, US | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Łódzkilocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Coenonympha dorus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.