⚠ sources differ — AnAge: 240 days · AmnioteDB: 302 days
Egg mass70.5 g
Fledging age66 days
Fledging mass993 g
Gestation24 days
Growth rate0.087 /day
Incubation26.5 days
Litter size9
Litters per year1 /year
Max. longevity354 months
Neonate mass44.7 g
Diet & foraging8
Fish10 %
Invertebrate10 %
Plant other60 %
Seed20 %
Trophic levelherbivore
Trophic nicheHerbivore aquatic
Water around surface40 %
Water below surface60 %
Habitat & environment4
HabitatWetland
Migration3.0
Primary lifestyleAquatic
Range size3 654 390 km²
05DNA & barcoding11 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Aythya valisineria has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens11
BINs1
Marker genes1
Countries2
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P652 bp consensus11 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 99% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 7 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)0.35%
Haplotypes5
BIN1
Most divergent pair0.61%
N.AmericaOther
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P
animal barcode
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualAythya valisineria carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size≈1 103 196 331 bp assembly estimate
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Aythya valisineria1.1 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelScaffold
07Deep time4.7–0 Ma
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
Fossil range4.7–0 Ma Pliocene, Pleistocene, Holocene
Dated fossil finds12
StatusStill living record runs to the present
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Aythya valisineria. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy81% within 1 km
≤100 m 7 480≤1 km 4 650≤10 km 2 312>10 km 462
14 904 georeferenced · 941 734 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor956 638
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy17% within 1 km
≤100 m 37≤1 km 118≤10 km 513>10 km 218
886 georeferenced · 411 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 297
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions34 of 58 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Ann Arbor, US
146
Toronto, CA
122
Cambridge, US
88
Chicago, US
76
Berkeley, US
66
Seattle, US
61
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
59
US
53
Philadelphia, US
51
CASlocation not on record
46
New Haven, US
40
Tacoma, US
34
Mongolian Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
30
Ohio State University - Bird Division, Columbus, OH (OSUM)location not on record
30
Los Angeles, US
26
München, DE
26
Ithaca, US
23
Denver, US
22
Albany, US
22
Edmonton, CA
20
Delaware Museum of Nature and Sciencelocation not on record
20
Washington, US
20
Wuzhou, CN
19
University of Nebraska State Museumlocation not on record
17
Iowa City, US
15
Royal Saskatchewan Museumlocation not on record
14
Washington State University, Charles R. Conner Museumlocation not on record
12
Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
11
Zacatecas, MX
11
Vancouver, CA
11
South Kensington, GB
10
San Diego, US
7
Central Michigan University Museum of Cultural and Natural Historylocation not on record
7
Copenhagen, DK
6
Science Museum of Minnesotalocation not on record
5
Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collectionlocation not on record
5
Saint John, CA
5
Chicago, US
4
Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental Collegelocation not on record
3
ASNHClocation not on record
3
Helsinki, FI
3
Philip L. Wright Zoological Museumlocation not on record
3
EL PASO, US
2
Morelia, MX
2
Indiana State Universitylocation not on record
2
University of Victorialocation not on record
2
University of Wyoming Museum of Vertebrateslocation not on record
2
Ensenada, MX
1
St. Paul, US
1
ASUlocation not on record
1
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
1
Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record
1
Brussels, BE
1
Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record
1
Geneva, CH
1
Tall Timbers Research Stationlocation not on record
1
RBINS-Scientific Heritagelocation not on record
1
Mexico City, MX
1
58 institutions · 1 273 of 1 297 vouchered records shown · 19 without an institution code
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation16 languages↗
Animal Diversity WebUniv. of Michigan MZspecies account↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility957 788 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System269 records↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
IOC World Bird ListIOCbird checklist↗