Andrena minutula is a Palearctic species of mining bee.BWARSEdward Saunders 1896, The Hymenoptera Aculeata of the British Isles London. pdf us.archive Full text with illustrations]
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Andrena minutula has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens211
BINs5
Marker genes2
eDNA detections189
Countries17
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P651 bp consensus163 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 99% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 9 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)1.2%
Haplotypes29
BINs5
Most divergent pair13.5%
EuropeAfricaAsia
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P16S
animal barcoderibosomal
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualAndrena minutula carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size≈380 445 275 bp assembly estimate
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Andrena minutula0.38 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelChromosome
Completeness96.1% BUSCO
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type22 517 records
Wild obs. + sensor10 227
Museum / vouchered11 927
Cultivated / captive2
Other361
Origin
Native5 103
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO19 224 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy31% within 1 km
≤100 m 2 147≤1 km 886≤10 km 6 610>10 km 5
9 648 georeferenced · 579 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor10 227
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy31% within 1 km
≤100 m 760≤1 km 2 503≤10 km 7 126>10 km 132
10 521 georeferenced · 1 406 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence11 927
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 2 records without
Open the mapnot free-living2
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions31 of 73 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Provincia di Livornolocation not on record
1 921
Zürich, CH
1 062
ULglocation not on record
793
Bern, CH
595
Musee d'Histoire Naturallelocation not on record
493
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
470
Philadelphia, US
374
Naturéum — Muséum cantonal des sciences naturelles, Lausanne, Département Zoologielocation not on record
248
South Kensington, GB
184
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
167
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
164
Paro, BT
155
Mons, BE
148
Toyama, JP
147
PRAZlocation not on record
131
Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiulocation not on record
120
Museum zu Allerheiligen Schaffhausenlocation not on record
98
NMOKlocation not on record
84
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
80
Bonn, DE
79
Natuurpuntlocation not on record
78
NHMOlocation not on record
74
Wuzhou, CN
71
PRUNlocation not on record
66
Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP
58
Dhaka, BD
50
CBDClocation not on record
47
Helsinki, FI
46
Trondheim, NO
41
Coimbra, PT
41
Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau Frick | Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Fricklocation not on record
41
Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collectionlocation not on record
41
MZLUlocation not on record
31
Sanda, JP
30
ZSMlocation not on record
29
Bando, JP
28
Bavarian State Collection of Zoologylocation not on record
28
KZMlocation not on record
27
Geneva, CH
25
neflocation not on record
22
IMEDEAlocation not on record
20
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
19
BioFokuslocation not on record
19
Cambridge, US
18
MNHWlocation not on record
18
Nijmegen, NL
17
Frauenfeld, CH
16
Fribourg, CH
15
Universität Zürich, Naturhistorisches Museumlocation not on record
14
Tromsø, NO
13
NCMGlocation not on record
13
EIBElocation not on record
12
Sion, CH
10
IENElocation not on record
9
AGClocation not on record
7
TJWClocation not on record
6
Tartu, EE
5
ARTlocation not on record
4
SGAV-and-NHMDlocation not on record
4
Uniwersytet Łódzkilocation not on record
4
US
4
ENSAT - L'Ecole Nationale Superieure Agronomique de Toulouselocation not on record
4
UMONSlocation not on record
3
Champaign, US
3
Chiba, JP
3
2
Tilburg, NL
2
Gothenburg, SE
2
DFlocation not on record
2
Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record
1
Natural History Museum, Londonlocation not on record
1
Ghent, BE
1
University of Florence, Department of Biologylocation not on record
1
73 institutions · 8 659 of 11 927 vouchered records shown · 3 268 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA189 detections
Where the DNA of Andrena minutula was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found189
Studies independent surveys4
Countries16
Verifiable raw sequence linked6
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median13.5 °C 5.70–18.5
Seasonal swing summer↔winter15.8 °C
Max temp (day)17.0 °C 8.70–22.1
Min temp (night)8.50 °C 2.60–13.4
Precipitation71.6 mm/mo 51.2–107
Air humidity60.1 % 57.7–66.2
Moisture balance-27.5 mm/mo -73.9–52.1
Vapour deficit610 Pa 310–862
Wind speed3.50 m/s 2.60–4.50
Cloud cover40.1 % 35.1–51.0
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 175 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility22 517 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI189 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics211 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗