Aglais io
(Linnaeus, 1758) · speciesAt a glance
Sources8 archives
Databases and archives Aglais io's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation14 languages↗
Animal Diversity WebUniv. of Michigan MZspecies account↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 675 864 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI190 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics130 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Aglais io, the European peacock,Aglais io, Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North AfricaThe higher classification of Nymphalidae , Nymphalidae.net more commonly known simply as the peacock butterfly, is a colourful butterfly, found in Europe and temperate Asia as far east as Japan. It was formerly classified as the only member of the genus Inachis (the name is derived from Greek mythology, meaning Io, the daughter of Inachus). It should not be confused or classified with the "American peacocks" in the genus Anartia; while belonging to the same family as the European peacock, Nymphalidae, the American peacocks are not close relatives of the Eurasian species. The peacock butterfly is resident in much of its range, often wintering in buildings or trees. It therefore often appears quite early in spring. The peacock butterfly has figured in research in which the role of eyespots as an anti-predator mechanism has been investigated.(Abstract) The peacock is expanding its range and is not known to be threatened.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Diet & foraging2
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Aglais io has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type2 675 864 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions29 of 69 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| DanishLepidopterologicalSocietylocation not on record | 5 746 |
| South Kensington, GB | 1 026 |
| Helsinki, FI | 837 |
| UMUlocation not on record | 436 |
| Copenhagen, DK | 307 |
| Brussel, BE | 302 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 233 |
| Museum zu Allerheiligen Schaffhausenlocation not on record | 179 |
| Kuopio, FI | 135 |
| Bern, CH | 114 |
| NHMOlocation not on record | 109 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 101 |
| Tartu, EE | 91 |
| NMOKlocation not on record | 71 |
| Salzburg, AT | 59 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 54 |
| ZMAAlocation not on record | 48 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 46 |
| Garðabær, IS | 44 |
| Geneva, CH | 42 |
| New Haven, US | 31 |
| MZLUlocation not on record | 31 |
| NTNU-VMlocation not on record | 30 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 26 |
| Fribourg, CH | 23 |
| Ghent, BE | 22 |
| Tromsø, NO | 22 |
| NCMGlocation not on record | 21 |
| Dhaka, BD | 17 |
| Naturmuseum St. Gallenlocation not on record | 16 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 16 |
| Sion, CH | 15 |
| Auckland, NZ | 14 |
| Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiulocation not on record | 12 |
| State Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukrainelocation not on record | 12 |
| Paro, BT | 11 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 10 |
| Winterthur, CH | 10 |
| Musee d'Histoire Naturallelocation not on record | 10 |
| Naturéum — Muséum cantonal des sciences naturelles, Lausanne, Département Zoologielocation not on record | 9 |
| Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record | 9 |
| neflocation not on record | 8 |
| Naturmuseum Solothurnlocation not on record | 8 |
| CBDClocation not on record | 8 |
| Philadelphia, US | 7 |
| SFRAlocation not on record | 5 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 5 |
| KSTRlocation not on record | 5 |
| Blacksburg, US | 5 |
| KSSlocation not on record | 4 |
| Metsähallituslocation not on record | 3 |
| Naturmuseum Oltenlocation not on record | 2 |
| Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF)location not on record | 2 |
| MUZOO - Musée d'histoire naturelle de La Chaux-de-Fondslocation not on record | 2 |
| Archäologie und Museum Baselland - Museum.BLlocation not on record | 2 |
| NMMElocation not on record | 2 |
| SGAV-and-NHMDlocation not on record | 2 |
| Radicondoli, IT | 2 |
| CESVlocation not on record | 2 |
| Tallinn, EE | 1 |
| Toronto, CA | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| BioFokuslocation not on record | 1 |
| EGBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Rovaniemi, FI | 1 |
| Glarus, CH | 1 |
| Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lablocation not on record | 1 |
| ZSMlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Aglais io was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.