Zostera marina
speciesAt a glance
Sources16 archives
Databases and archives Zostera marina's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility61 249 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System29 271 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI613 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics130 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
La Zostère marine, aussi appelée herbe de mer, de la famille des Zosteraceae, est une plante à fleur aquatique qui se rencontre sur les fonds marins sableux ou sablo-vaseux de l’hémisphère nord. Cette plante, qui a failli disparaître de l’océan Atlantique dans les années 1930 et accuse actuellement une régression de population, fut une source de nourriture pour les Amérindiens et continue d’avoir, de nos jours, un rôle écologique important par son aptitude à former des herbiers marins.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology7
Life cycle & reproduction14
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment9
Physiology & chemistry4
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Zostera marina across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds30 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1R)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol | present | NPASS | |
| (3R,3'R,6S)-4,5-Didehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol | present | NPASS | |
| (4aS,6aS,7S,11aR,11bS)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,11,11a,11b-Dodecahydro-7-hydroxy-4,4,11b-trimethyl-6aH-cyclohepta(a)naphthalene-6a,9-dicarboxaldehyde | present | NPASS | |
| 4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-(4-Hydroxy-2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-En-1-Yl)-3,7,12,16-Tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-Nonaenyl]-3,5,5-Trimethylcyclohex-3-En-1-Ol | present | NPASS | |
| 4-[18-(4-Hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol | present | NPASS | |
| 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| all-trans-Neoxanthin | present | NPASS | |
| ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M | present | NPASS | |
| AVGPOAXYRRIZMM-BYPYZUCNSA-N | present | NPASS | |
| beta-Carotene | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Zostera marina has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
Besides the big genome in the nucleus, cells carry a small, circular loop of DNA inside the cell's energy factories — the mitochondria. It is inherited almost only from the mother and is a leftover from ancient bacteria that moved into the cell. The mitochondrial markers above (ND*, COX, CYTB…) are read from exactly this loop. Outer ring = one strand, inner ring = the other.
The complete instruction manual Zostera marina carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1225×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · brit-fl +12
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
How it livedPBDB
Record type90 520 records
Origin
Range
Depth
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions106 of 198 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Tsukuba, JP | 4 831 |
| Institut Francais pour l'Etude de la Merlocation not on record | 1 653 |
| 730location not on record | 651 |
| Stockholm, SE | 519 |
| 630location not on record | 339 |
| DASSHlocation not on record | 338 |
| Vancouver, CA | 273 |
| Helsinki, FI | 263 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 231 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 202 |
| LDlocation not on record | 194 |
| Arcata, US | 173 |
| Uppsala, SE | 111 |
| Turku, FI | 104 |
| Bergen, NO | 95 |
| TÜ_EMIlocation not on record | 93 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 86 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 78 |
| Olocation not on record | 68 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 62 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 59 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 56 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 52 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 44 |
| Garðabær, IS | 43 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 42 |
| Trondheim, NO | 39 |
| San Diego, US | 34 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 34 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 33 |
| National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korealocation not on record | 28 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 27 |
| Odawara, JP | 24 |
| Tartu, EE | 23 |
| Québec, CA | 22 |
| South Kensington, GB | 21 |
| Claremont, US | 20 |
| Oulu, FI | 19 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 19 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 19 |
| The University of Arizonalocation not on record | 18 |
| Corvallis, US | 18 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 18 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 18 |
| Hakai Institutelocation not on record | 17 |
| Tallinn, EE | 15 |
| 14 | |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 13 |
| MAlocation not on record | 12 |
| Clocation not on record | 12 |
| Sanda, JP | 12 |
| Tianjin Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 11 |
| Victoria, CA | 11 |
| Austin, US | 10 |
| Porvoo, FI | 10 |
| Brussel, BE | 10 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 10 |
| Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record | 10 |
| Barcelona, ES | 9 |
| Kuopio, FI | 9 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 9 |
| Metsähallituslocation not on record | 8 |
| Portland, US | 8 |
| Osaka, JP | 8 |
| Montréal, CA | 8 |
| Saint Louis, US | 8 |
| Tampa, US | 8 |
| Dresden, DE | 8 |
| US | 7 |
| Irvine, US | 7 |
| Royal British Columbia Museumlocation not on record | 7 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 6 |
| Toyama, JP | 6 |
| Toronto, CA | 6 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 6 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 6 |
| Saint John, CA | 6 |
| La Paz, MX | 6 |
| Philadelphia, US | 6 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 6 |
| Nagano City, JP | 5 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 5 |
| Tokushima, JP | 5 |
| SIHUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 5 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 5 |
| Mexico City, MX | 5 |
| Kensington, AU | 5 |
| Bloomington, US | 5 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 4 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 4 |
| Stockholm, SE | 4 |
| Peking Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Paris, FR | 4 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 4 |
| New Haven, US | 4 |
| Beijing, CN | 4 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 3 |
| Hermosillo, MX | 3 |
| Berlin, DE | 3 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 3 |
| IHCantabrialocation not on record | 3 |
| Kushiro City Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Kingston, US | 3 |
| UIBlocation not on record | 3 |
| BClocation not on record | 3 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 3 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 3 |
| Angwin, US | 3 |
| Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 3 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 3 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Auckland, NZ | 3 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 3 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 3 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Anchorage, US | 3 |
| Görlitz, DE | 2 |
| Honolulu, US | 2 |
| Kew, GB | 2 |
| Tacoma, US | 2 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 2 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 2 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 2 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 2 |
| St. Paul, US | 2 |
| Mie Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| EL PASO, US | 2 |
| JP | 2 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Kochi, JP | 2 |
| Hebei Normal Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| València, ES | 2 |
| Davis, US | 2 |
| Hobart, AU | 2 |
| Taipei, TW | 2 |
| Williamsburg, US | 2 |
| Institute of the biological problems of the North FEB RASlocation not on record | 2 |
| Sendai, JP | 2 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 2 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 2 |
| Riverside, US | 2 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 2 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| GRAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fort Bragg, US | 1 |
| Granada, ES | 1 |
| Obihiro Centennial City Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Calabar, NG | 1 |
| Keene State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| San Diego Natural History Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Northridge, US | 1 |
| Alicante, ES | 1 |
| Bando, JP | 1 |
| Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Surlocation not on record | 1 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| nbflocation not on record | 1 |
| USONlocation not on record | 1 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 1 |
| Ensenada, MX | 1 |
| San Diego Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fort Worth, US | 1 |
| Emporia, US | 1 |
| Boumlocation not on record | 1 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 1 |
| Brisbane, AU | 1 |
| Akita Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Ontario Museum, Green Plant Herbarium (TRT)location not on record | 1 |
| Montréal, CA | 1 |
| Chiba, JP | 1 |
| Kiritappu Wetland National Trustlocation not on record | 1 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 1 |
| Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacionallocation not on record | 1 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, San Juan Island National Historical Parklocation not on record | 1 |
| SGAV-and-NHMDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Sion, CH | 1 |
| Johanna Bergkvistlocation not on record | 1 |
| NMWlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| KR | 1 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Long Beach, US | 1 |
| San Francisco, US | 1 |
| KOMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Albuquerque, US | 1 |
| Pocatello, US | 1 |
| Cheney, US | 1 |
| IPA/SPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bend, US | 1 |
| Boise, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Zostera marina was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.