Trillium undulatum, commonly called painted trillium, painted lady (not to be confused with the painted lady butterfly), or trille ondulé in French, is a species of flowering plant in the bunchflower family Melanthiaceae. It is also known as smiling wake robin or striped wake-robin. The specific epithet undulatum means "wavy", which refers to the wavy edges of the flower petals. The plant is found from Ontario in the north to northern Georgia in the south and from Michigan in the west to Nova Scotia in the east.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Compounds documented for Trillium undulatum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile1 class
Flavonols2
Documented compounds2 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
Kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside-beta-D-glucosyl
present
LOTUS
Quercetin 3-rutinoside
present
LOTUS
05DNA & barcoding13 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Trillium undulatum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens13
Marker genes5
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections10
Countries1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK4★rbcL4★rbcLa★ITS2★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manualTrillium undulatum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size38 445 180 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
THIS GENOME Trillium undulatum38.45 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin11.6 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type18 859 records
Wild obs. + sensor17 407
Museum / vouchered1 440
Cultivated / captive12
Origin
Introduced1
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO34 352 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy82% within 1 km
≤100 m 9 744≤1 km 1 740≤10 km 1 023>10 km 1 531
14 038 georeferenced · 3 369 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor17 407
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy17% within 1 km
≤100 m 25≤1 km 113≤10 km 586>10 km 111
835 georeferenced · 605 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 440
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 1
1 georeferenced · 11 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living12
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions51 of 71 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
285
Québec, CA
166
University of New Hampshirelocation not on record
135
Philadelphia, US
116
Université Lavallocation not on record
101
Acadia Universitylocation not on record
93
Burlington, US
72
Saint John, CA
64
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
26
Montréal, CA
25
Durham, US
24
Bangkok, TH
23
Keene State Universitylocation not on record
19
Chapel Hill, US
17
Western Carolina Universitylocation not on record
16
Allentown, US
16
Bloomington, US
15
Knoxville, US
14
College Park, US
11
Bronx, US
8
Hamilton, US
7
Toronto, CA
7
Tampa, US
6
Miami, US
5
Millersville, US
5
Johnson City, US
5
Oswego, US
4
Auckland, NZ
4
Paris, FR
4
Columbia, US
4
Dover, US
3
Durham, US
3
Norfolk, US
2
Wuzhou, CN
2
Ann Arbor, US
2
Madison, US
2
Chicago, US
2
Denver, US
2
Uppsala, SE
2
Tempe, US
2
Logan, US
2
University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record
2
Philadelphia, US
2
Northridge, US
2
Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record
2
Pullman, US
2
University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record
2
Portland, US
1
Beijing, CN
1
Asheville, US
1
Pittsburg, US
1
New Haven, US
1
Boise, US
1
Chicago, US
1
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
1
Universite de Montreal, L'Herbier Marie-Victorinlocation not on record
1
Provo, US
1
McGill University, Herbariumlocation not on record
1
Claremont, US
1
BAYLUlocation not on record
1
Oskarshamn, SE
1
Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record
1
Royal Botanical Gardenslocation not on record
1
Lord Fairfax Community Collegelocation not on record
1
San Angelo, US
1
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
1
Mohonk Preservelocation not on record
1
Dekalb, US
1
Trois-Rivières, CA
1
Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Gardenlocation not on record
1
Edinburgh, GB
1
71 institutions · 1 357 of 1 440 vouchered records shown · 83 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA10 detections
Where the DNA of Trillium undulatum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found10
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 10 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
Northern temperate stand
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median13.7 °C 11.0–20.8
Seasonal swing summer↔winter30.4 °C
Max temp (day)18.8 °C 15.7–25.3
Min temp (night)8.20 °C 6.60–16.9
Precipitation92.6 mm/mo 90.0–107
Air humidity57.9 % 55.9–59.8
Moisture balance-34.1 mm/mo -52.1–-5.80
Vapour deficit703 Pa 547–1,020
Wind speed3.20 m/s 2.30–3.90
Cloud cover51.0 % 44.4–52.9
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 5 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation3 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility18 859 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI10 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗