Sturnira lilium
(E.Geoffroy, 1810) · speciesAt a glance
Sources10 archives
Databases and archives Sturnira lilium's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation10 languages↗
Animal Diversity WebUniv. of Michigan MZspecies account↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility6 108 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI518 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics838 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
The little yellow-shouldered bat (Sturnira lilium) is a bat species from South and Central America. This species is a frugivore and an effective seed disperser. It roosts alone in tree cavities, on branches, vines, and under palm leaves, usually keeping to the same roosts day to day. There is evidence to suggest hypothermia is a thermoregulatory strategy to help adjust metabolic levels. In terms of mating, ambient temperature has been noted as a greater influence as compared to food availability. Its wing shape can also be affected by pregnancy in order to make flight more efficient.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology4
Life cycle & reproduction8
Diet & foraging3
Habitat & environment2
Physiology & chemistry4
Other traits2
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Sturnira lilium has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Sturnira lilium carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type6 108 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions31 of 77 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Washington, US | 1 412 |
| Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 441 |
| Louisiana State University, Museum of Zoologylocation not on record | 258 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 228 |
| Zacatecas, MX | 213 |
| ASNHClocation not on record | 206 |
| Los Angeles, US | 201 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 183 |
| Buenos Aires, AR | 143 |
| Universidad del Tolima (UT)location not on record | 125 |
| Chicago, US | 117 |
| Sevilla, ES | 107 |
| APN-AR-FHNFAlocation not on record | 102 |
| Berkeley, US | 87 |
| Universidad de la Amazonia (UniAmazonia)location not on record | 67 |
| University of Western Australialocation not on record | 57 |
| München, DE | 51 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 51 |
| Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collectionlocation not on record | 47 |
| Universidad del Valle (UniValle)location not on record | 44 |
| UFESlocation not on record | 41 |
| East Lansing, US | 41 |
| Fort Hays State University, Sternberg Museumlocation not on record | 35 |
| Universidad del Valle de Guatemalalocation not on record | 29 |
| INMAlocation not on record | 28 |
| Geneva, CH | 26 |
| CASlocation not on record | 25 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 21 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 20 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 19 |
| Sistema de Colecciones Biológicas, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala location not on record | 16 |
| Edmonton, CA | 16 |
| University of the South Pacificlocation not on record | 15 |
| Universidad del Cauca (UniCauca)location not on record | 14 |
| Provo, US | 14 |
| Grupo Prodecolocation not on record | 14 |
| Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano (ITM)location not on record | 13 |
| UFSMlocation not on record | 13 |
| Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)location not on record | 12 |
| Londrina, BR | 11 |
| Stockholm, SE | 11 |
| Royal Ontario Museumlocation not on record | 11 |
| San Francisco, US | 9 |
| Seattle, US | 9 |
| UENFlocation not on record | 8 |
| Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Museo de Zoologialocation not on record | 8 |
| South Kensington, GB | 7 |
| Universidad de Pamplona (UPamplona)location not on record | 7 |
| Brussels, BE | 6 |
| RBINS-Scientific Heritagelocation not on record | 5 |
| Universidad Icesi (ICESI)location not on record | 5 |
| APN-AR-MFAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 4 |
| EL PASO, US | 4 |
| Bonn, DE | 4 |
| Ithaca, US | 4 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| University of Wisconsin, Zoological Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas SINCHIlocation not on record | 3 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 3 |
| The University of the West Indies, Trinidad and Tobagolocation not on record | 3 |
| Abilene Christian University Natural History Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| 2 | |
| Museo de Zoología, Universidad Técnica Particular de Lojalocation not on record | 2 |
| North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de los Andes (UniAndes)location not on record | 1 |
| Washington State University, Charles R. Conner Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad EAFIT (EAFIT)location not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó (UTCH)location not on record | 1 |
| Los Amigos Wildlife Conservation Laboratorylocation not on record | 1 |
| Tacoma, US | 1 |
| IAvHlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 1 |
| Lincoln, US | 1 |
| Toronto, CA | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Helsinki, FI | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Sturnira lilium was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.