Strophanthus divaricatus

(Lour.) Hook. & Arn. · species

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Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Apocynaceae/Strophanthus

At a glance

Occurrence records801

Data sources8

Biological traits21

DNA specimens4

eDNA detections4

Sources8 archives

Databases and archives Strophanthus divaricatus's data was compiled from.

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility801 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI4 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics4 specimens↗

NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗

NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗

GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗

Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗

On this page6 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Traits & measurements3 literature sources21 traits

Chemical compositionNPASS25 compounds

Occurrence & distributionGBIF801 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 0 countries4 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD · NCBI4 specimens

01Narrative

羊角拗，別名羊角籐、羊角捩、羊角藕、羊角柳、羊角樹、羊角紐、羊角扭、大羊角扭蔃、菱角扭、黃葛扭、武靴籐、花拐籐、瀝口花、打破碗花、華毒毛旋花子、斷腸草、鯉魚橄欖、貓屎殼、螺心魚、金龍角、倒釣筆等，為夾竹桃科羊角拗屬植物，分佈於中國廣西、廣東、福建、貴州、越南及老撾等地，長於山坡或路旁灌木叢中。在香港被稱為「香港四大毒草」之一，也是香港原生物種。因果實一對叉生，形如羊角，因而得名。

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

SourcesWCVPGIFTTRY

Size & morphology7

Leaf length65 mm

Leaf length max100 mm

Leaf length min30 mm

Leaf width65 mm

Leaf width max100 mm

Leaf width min30 mm

Plant height2.75 m

Life cycle & reproduction4

Deciduousnessevergreen

Life formliana

Life spanperennial

Raunkiær life formphanerophyte

Diet & foraging1

Parasiteindependent

Habitat & environment6

Aquaticterrestrial

Climatewet tropical

Climberself-supporting

Epiphyteterrestrial

Growth formshrub

Woodinesswoody

Physiology & chemistry3

Leaf n23.36 mg/g

Leaf p2.4 mg/g

Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer

03Chemical composition25 compounds

Compounds documented for Strophanthus divaricatus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").

Compound class profile5 classes

Cardenolides4

Capsaicins and Capsaicinoids $ Phenylalanine-derived alkaloids1

Steroidal alkaloids1

Oleanane triterpenoids1

Apocarotenoids (β-)1

Documented compounds25 total

Tissue Source Quantified only

Compound	Amount	Source
(6S,7aS)-5,6,7,7a-Tetrahydro-6-hydroxy-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2(4H)-benzofuranone	present	NPASS
3-[(3R,5R,10S,13R,14S,17R)-3-[(2R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-14,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2H-furan-5-one	present	NPASS
3beta-[(6-Deoxy-beta-D-gulopyranosyl)oxy]-5,11alpha,14-trihydroxy-5beta-card-20(22)-enolide	present	NPASS
4-[3A,5A,9,10-Tetrahydroxy-9A-(hydroxymethyl)-11A-methyl-7-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-YL)oxy]-hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[A]phenanthren-1-YL]-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one	present	NPASS
BNXOUFNLXOGIOT-GBNDHIKLSA-N	present	NPASS
BUGNRCRUPAIYMD-VBVNMADNSA-N	present	NPASS
Cauloside A	present	NPASS
CTQXLIFPKAKNFP-SBWCPZHBSA-N	present	NPASS
CTSAWQOSUXMFIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N	present	NPASS
CYXOVJJXJAVKAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N	present	NPASS

05DNA & barcoding4 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Strophanthus divaricatus has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens4

Marker genes3

GenBank sequences10

eDNA detections4

Countries1

The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species

ITSMN092274.1 ↗383 bpChina · 2017

ACGT

AGTTGCGCCCGAAGCCACTAGGCTGAGGGCACGTCTGCCTGGGCGTCACGCATCGCGTCGCTCCTTCTCACACCTCGCCTTAACGGGATG …

Strophanthus divaricatus voucher 2053_1 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence; and large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★matK★rbcL3★ITS7

plant barcodefungal barcode

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type801 records

Wild obs. + sensor553

Museum / vouchered248

Origin

Native2

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO1 432 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy83% within 1 km

≤100 m 308≤1 km 78≤10 km 43>10 km 34

463 georeferenced · 90 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor553

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km

≤1 km 3

3 georeferenced · 245 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence248

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions17 of 29 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
Guangzhou, CN	74
Guilin, CN	42
Beijing, CN	37
Kunming, CN	10
Guangzhou, CN	10
Bronx, US	10
Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record	8
Nanjing, CN	8
Chengdu, CN	5
SCAUlocation not on record	4
Xiamen, CN	4
Tampa, US	4
Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record	4
Taipei, TW	3
Wuhan, CN	3
FJFClocation not on record	2
Yangling, CN	2
TAIElocation not on record	2
BISHlocation not on record	2
Taipei, TW	2
Miami, US	2
JBRJlocation not on record	2
Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirolocation not on record	1
Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chilelocation not on record	1
Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record	1
Hanshan Normal Universitylocation not on record	1
Hangzhou, CN	1
South China Normal Universitylocation not on record	1
Wuhan, CN	1

29 institutions · 247 of 248 vouchered records shown · 1 without an institution code

09Environmental DNA4 detections

Where the DNA of Strophanthus divaricatus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found4

Studies independent surveys1

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 4 detections have coordinates

Open the map0 countries0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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