Stenotaphrum secundatum
(Walter) Kuntze · speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Stenotaphrum secundatum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation5 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility10 952 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System10 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI8 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics10 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
St. Augustine grass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), also known as buffalo turf in Australia and buffalo grass in South Africa, is a species of grass in the family Poaceae. It is a warm-season lawn grass that is popular for cultivation in tropical and subtropical regions. It is a medium- to high-maintenance grass that forms a thick, carpetlike sod, crowding out most weeds and other grasses.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology12
Life cycle & reproduction34
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment29
Physiology & chemistry21
Uses & economy14
Other traits8
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Stenotaphrum secundatum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Stenotaphrum secundatum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 186×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +2
2n 323×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
n 93×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type10 962 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions131 of 247 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Pretoria, ZA | 115 |
| Bronx, US | 75 |
| Brisbane, AU | 72 |
| Adelaide, AU | 69 |
| Saint Louis, US | 65 |
| Auckland, NZ | 61 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 57 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 57 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 56 |
| Canberra, AU | 52 |
| Tampa, US | 49 |
| Hobart, AU | 41 |
| Kensington, AU | 40 |
| Durban, ZA | 39 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 37 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 34 |
| Kew, GB | 32 |
| Durango, MX | 31 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 29 |
| UFESlocation not on record | 27 |
| Federal University of Espírito Santolocation not on record | 25 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 24 |
| San Isidro, AR | 23 |
| Claremont, US | 22 |
| Wellington, NZ | 22 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 22 |
| Austin, US | 21 |
| Odawara, JP | 19 |
| San Diego, US | 18 |
| Miami, US | 18 |
| Riverside, US | 17 |
| Mexico City, MX | 16 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 15 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 15 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 15 |
| MAlocation not on record | 14 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 13 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 13 |
| Barcelona, ES | 13 |
| Fort Worth, US | 13 |
| IBANNlocation not on record | 12 |
| Armidale, AU | 12 |
| BClocation not on record | 12 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 12 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 12 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 11 |
| Salvador, BR | 11 |
| US | 10 |
| Honolulu, US | 10 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 10 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 10 |
| Columbia, US | 10 |
| Denton, US | 10 |
| Bangkok, TH | 9 |
| Torreón, MX | 9 |
| J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Vitoria, ES | 8 |
| Paris, FR | 8 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 8 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 8 |
| Durham, US | 8 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 8 |
| Wollongong, AU | 8 |
| Davis, US | 8 |
| Xiamen, CN | 7 |
| Emporia, US | 7 |
| València, ES | 6 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 6 |
| Zapopan, MX | 6 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 6 |
| Jackson, US | 6 |
| Blumenau, BR | 6 |
| Knoxville, US | 6 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 6 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 5 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 5 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 5 |
| Bloomington, US | 5 |
| Mexico City, MX | 5 |
| Logan, US | 5 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 5 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 5 |
| GAlocation not on record | 5 |
| LBVlocation not on record | 5 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Montecillo, Texcoco, MX | 5 |
| University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record | 5 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 4 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 4 |
| Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| EL PASO, US | 4 |
| Université de Bordeauxlocation not on record | 4 |
| INMAlocation not on record | 4 |
| University of North Carolina at Pembrokelocation not on record | 4 |
| Badajoz, ES | 4 |
| DanBIFlocation not on record | 4 |
| NSW Dept of Planning, Industry and Environmentlocation not on record | 4 |
| Santa Teresa, BR | 4 |
| Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record | 4 |
| Texas Lutheran Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record | 4 |
| Montréal, CA | 4 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 4 |
| Palmerston North, NZ | 4 |
| Universidade Federal do Espírito Santolocation not on record | 4 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Batemans Bay, AU | 3 |
| Taipei, TW | 3 |
| Burlington, US | 3 |
| Irvine, US | 3 |
| San Angelo, US | 3 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 3 |
| Nishihara, JP | 3 |
| BGPAlocation not on record | 3 |
| UIBlocation not on record | 3 |
| Mérida, MX | 3 |
| Little Rock, US | 3 |
| Los Angeles, US | 3 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 3 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 3 |
| Sanda, JP | 3 |
| Olocation not on record | 3 |
| US | 3 |
| Henderson State Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 3 |
| San José, CR | 3 |
| Northridge, US | 2 |
| The University of Arizonalocation not on record | 2 |
| Parkville, AU | 2 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 2 |
| Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Ministry of Agriculturelocation not on record | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| Alicante, ES | 2 |
| QVMAGlocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 2 |
| Palmerston, AU | 2 |
| Felix d'Herelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruseslocation not on record | 2 |
| Flagstaff, US | 2 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 2 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 2 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto de Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipaslocation not on record | 2 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 2 |
| GHPG$location not on record | 2 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 2 |
| DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record | 2 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| LDlocation not on record | 2 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Kochi, JP | 2 |
| Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreallocation not on record | 2 |
| Chicago, US | 2 |
| Denver, US | 2 |
| UFRRJlocation not on record | 2 |
| Long Beach, US | 2 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| MSB-3054location not on record | 2 |
| Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record | 2 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique / Institut de l'environnement et de recherches agricoleslocation not on record | 2 |
| Nishihara, JP | 2 |
| CEPLAClocation not on record | 2 |
| Herbario Universidad de Concepciónlocation not on record | 2 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 2 |
| Plocation not on record | 2 |
| Calabar, NG | 2 |
| Western Carolina Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| College Park, US | 2 |
| Chapingo, MX | 2 |
| Quito, EC | 1 |
| Pretoria National Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fayetteville, US | 1 |
| Chadron, US | 1 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirolocation not on record | 1 |
| Vancouver, CA | 1 |
| Iquitos, PE | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 1 |
| Lima, PE | 1 |
| Criciúma, BR | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Arizona State University Biocollectionslocation not on record | 1 |
| BMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo civico di Ecologia e Storia naturale di Marano sul Panarolocation not on record | 1 |
| Cusco, PE | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 1 |
| Williamsburg, US | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 1 |
| VENlocation not on record | 1 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNIVILLElocation not on record | 1 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 1 |
| Comisión Técnico Consultiva de Coeficientes de Agostaderolocation not on record | 1 |
| Córdoba, ES | 1 |
| UNICAMPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Llocation not on record | 1 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 1 |
| North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record | 1 |
| Universiti Sains Malaysialocation not on record | 1 |
| Sangmiung Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| XALlocation not on record | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Whitehorse, CA | 1 |
| Angwin, US | 1 |
| Due West, US | 1 |
| La Paz, MX | 1 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 1 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 1 |
| Culiacán, MX | 1 |
| COLlocation not on record | 1 |
| EFGlocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Mississippi National River & Recreation Arealocation not on record | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| Seropédica, BR | 1 |
| CASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Zürich, CH | 1 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Coimbra, PT | 1 |
| Córdoba, AR | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| UFSClocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 1 |
| CPPSULlocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Lubbock, US | 1 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 1 |
| International Salmonella Centre (W.H.O.)location not on record | 1 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 1 |
| Smithfield, AU | 1 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Civico Museo di Scienze naturali Giuseppe Orlandilocation not on record | 1 |
| Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chilelocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Pelotaslocation not on record | 1 |
| Norfolk, US | 1 |
| La Trobe Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Department of Land Resources Managementlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Stenotaphrum secundatum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.