Sphenoclea zeylanica
Gaertn. · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Sphenoclea zeylanica's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation5 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 586 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI2 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics2 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Sphenoclea zeylanica, called chickenspike, gooseweed, and wedgewort, is a widespread species of flowering plant in the genus Sphenoclea, native to Africa, Madagascar, tropical and subtropical Asia, and Australia. It is widely introduced in the New World tropics and subtopics from the southern United States to northern Argentina. Its young leaves are edible and are occasionally eaten, perhaps with a light boiling. A common weed of rice paddies, it can cause yield losses from 25 to 50%.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology11
Life cycle & reproduction7
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment14
Physiology & chemistry1
Compounds documented for Sphenoclea zeylanica across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds32 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1R,3R,4R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-oxodithiolan-4-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,4R,5R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1-oxodithiolan-4-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (1S,3R,4R)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-oxodithiolan-4-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| 2H-Pyran-5-carboxylic acid, 4-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-3-ethenyl-2-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,4-dihydro-, methyl ester, (2S,3R,4S)- | present | LOTUS | |
| 5-Ethenyl-6-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-3-methoxy-1H,3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-1-one | present | LOTUS | |
| [(1S,4S,5R,6S,8R,9R,13S,16S,18S)-11-ethyl-8,9-dihydroxy-4,6,16,18-tetramethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-13-yl]methyl 2-aminobenzoate | present | LOTUS | |
| Amarogentin | present | NPASS | |
| Amaroswerin | present | NPASS | |
| beta-Sitosterol | present | NPASS | |
| Epivogeloside | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Sphenoclea zeylanica has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Sphenoclea zeylanica carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 242×CCDB · book-indian_vol1 · CCDB · book-fedorov
2n 422×CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · book-indian_vol1
2n 321×CCDB · book-indian_vol1
2n 401×CCDB · book-ipcn66
n 162×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74
n 121×CCDB · Cave1962
n 201×CCDB · book-ipcn66
n 241×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type2 586 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions80 of 171 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Saint Louis, US | 152 |
| Chicago, US | 62 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 56 |
| Bronx, US | 45 |
| Mexico City, MX | 42 |
| Brisbane, AU | 41 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 39 |
| Palmerston, AU | 34 |
| Durango, MX | 34 |
| Kew, GB | 33 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 29 |
| Forest Herbarium Ibadan (FHI)location not on record | 29 |
| Taipei, TW | 24 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 23 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 21 |
| Austin, US | 15 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 15 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 14 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 14 |
| Jackson, US | 13 |
| Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record | 13 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 13 |
| UNIVASFlocation not on record | 12 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 12 |
| Tampa, US | 12 |
| Kunming, CN | 11 |
| León, NI | 11 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 11 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 11 |
| Taipei, TW | 10 |
| Taipei, TW | 9 |
| Beijing, CN | 9 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 9 |
| LSF/FSA/UAClocation not on record | 9 |
| Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record | 9 |
| Fort Worth, US | 9 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 9 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 9 |
| Stockholm, SE | 8 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 8 |
| Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuarias do Tropico Umidolocation not on record | 8 |
| Canberra, AU | 8 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 7 |
| Fayetteville, US | 7 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 7 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 7 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 7 |
| US | 7 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 7 |
| Xiamen, CN | 7 |
| Berlin, DE | 7 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 6 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 6 |
| GMBAlocation not on record | 6 |
| MAlocation not on record | 6 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 5 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 5 |
| San José, CR | 5 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 5 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 5 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 5 |
| Plocation not on record | 5 |
| Mérida, MX | 5 |
| Smithfield, AU | 5 |
| Little Rock, US | 4 |
| University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record | 4 |
| Bloomington, US | 4 |
| Columbia, US | 4 |
| Nanjing, CN | 4 |
| Bangkok, TH | 4 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 4 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 4 |
| La Paz, BO | 4 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 4 |
| Paris, FR | 4 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 3 |
| James Cook Townsvillelocation not on record | 3 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 3 |
| EL PASO, US | 3 |
| GAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 3 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 3 |
| LBVlocation not on record | 3 |
| Brasília, BR | 3 |
| Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologialocation not on record | 3 |
| Kensington, AU | 3 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Santarém, BR | 2 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 2 |
| Claremont, US | 2 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 2 |
| UEPAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Russellville, US | 2 |
| Salvador, BR | 2 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 2 |
| Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária, IPAlocation not on record | 2 |
| UEMAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Clemson, US | 2 |
| Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record | 2 |
| Guilin, CN | 2 |
| Blumenau, BR | 2 |
| IECOSlocation not on record | 2 |
| Glocation not on record | 2 |
| Sendai, JP | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 2 |
| Philadelphia, US | 2 |
| Durham, US | 2 |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record | 2 |
| IAvHlocation not on record | 1 |
| Yangling, CN | 1 |
| South Kensington, GB | 1 |
| Universidad de los Andes (UniAndes)location not on record | 1 |
| Department of Plant Resources, National Herbarium and Plant Laboratorieslocation not on record | 1 |
| Anton de Kom University of Surinamelocation not on record | 1 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cruz das Almas, BR | 1 |
| Universidad de Pamplona (UPamplona)location not on record | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre National des Semences Forestièreslocation not on record | 1 |
| Paleontological Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| URCAlocation not on record | 1 |
| UESBlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFRPElocation not on record | 1 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Isidro, AR | 1 |
| LGlocation not on record | 1 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Masindi, UG | 1 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 1 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal do Ceara, Departamento de Biologialocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique / Institut de l'environnement et de recherches agricoleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoirelocation not on record | 1 |
| Cuiabá, BR | 1 |
| Phoenix, US | 1 |
| Chadron, US | 1 |
| Williamsburg, US | 1 |
| Chapingo, MX | 1 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Arusha, TZ | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Jardín Botánico de Cartagena “Guillermo Piñeres”location not on record | 1 |
| University of Wisconsin Oshkoshlocation not on record | 1 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 1 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFAClocation not on record | 1 |
| Millersville, US | 1 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 1 |
| HUAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Miami, US | 1 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 1 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 1 |
| Audubon Society -- Silver Bluff Audubon Center and Sanctuarylocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Jardín Botánico de Cartagena "Guillermo Piñeres" (JBC)location not on record | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| CPATSAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 1 |
| NO DISPONIBLElocation not on record | 1 |
| Adelaide, AU | 1 |
| Kathmandu, NP | 1 |
| Baroda, IN | 1 |
| Universidad de Córdoba (UC)location not on record | 1 |
| Austin, US | 1 |
| Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)location not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Sphenoclea zeylanica was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.