Sophora flavescens
Aiton · speciesAt a glance
Sources16 archives
Databases and archives Sophora flavescens's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation7 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility3 875 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI22 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics24 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Sophora flavescens, the shrubby sophora, is a species of plant in the genus Sophora of the family Fabaceae. This genus contains about 52 species, nineteen varieties, and seven forms that are widely distributed in Asia, Oceania, and the Pacific islands. About fifteen of these species have a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicines.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology7
Life cycle & reproduction6
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment8
Physiology & chemistry7
Compounds documented for Sophora flavescens across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds519 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-12alpha-Hydroxysophocarpine | present | LOTUS | |
| (+)-alpha-Pinene | present | NPASS | |
| (+)-Lupanine | present | NPASS | |
| (+)-Maackiain | present | LOTUS | |
| (+)-Medicarpin | present | LOTUS | |
| (+)-Sophoranol | present | LOTUS | |
| (+/-)-Leachianone G | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-14beta-Hydroxymatrine | present | NPASS | |
| (-)-9alpha-Hydroxysophocarpine | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-Camphene | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Sophora flavescens has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Sophora flavescens carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1811×CCDB · iapt · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 +1
2n 81×CCDB · Cave1963
2n 281×CCDB · book-fedorov
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type3 875 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions67 of 151 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Beijing, CN | 258 |
| Chengdu, CN | 111 |
| Yangling, CN | 89 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 89 |
| Nanjing, CN | 83 |
| Wuhan, CN | 73 |
| Shinshu Universitylocation not on record | 64 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 50 |
| Kunming, CN | 47 |
| Nagano City, JP | 45 |
| Chengdu, CN | 44 |
| KR | 38 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 33 |
| Toyama, JP | 30 |
| Chiba, JP | 30 |
| Odawara, JP | 29 |
| Bando, JP | 26 |
| NSMKlocation not on record | 26 |
| Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP | 24 |
| Xining, CN | 24 |
| Sanda, JP | 24 |
| Tomioka, JP | 23 |
| Guilin, CN | 23 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 21 |
| Kyoto Universitylocation not on record | 21 |
| Xinxiang, CN | 20 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 19 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 18 |
| KOMlocation not on record | 18 |
| Shanxi Institute of Biologylocation not on record | 17 |
| Xian, CN | 17 |
| ENTClocation not on record | 17 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 15 |
| JP | 15 |
| Shanghai, CN | 15 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 14 |
| Tianjin Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 14 |
| Guiyang, CN | 13 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 12 |
| Taipei, TW | 12 |
| Kochi, JP | 11 |
| Sendai, JP | 11 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 11 |
| Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukubalocation not on record | 11 |
| Beijing Normal Universitylocation not on record | 11 |
| Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP | 11 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 10 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 10 |
| “Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University" NPLClocation not on record | 9 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 9 |
| SXTCMlocation not on record | 9 |
| Changsha, CN | 9 |
| Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record | 9 |
| Tokushima, JP | 9 |
| Taipei, TW | 8 |
| Nanjing, CN | 8 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Scienceslocation not on record | 8 |
| DMZ botanic gardenlocation not on record | 8 |
| Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Guiyang, CN | 8 |
| Shenyang Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 8 |
| Hebei Normal Universitylocation not on record | 7 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 7 |
| KNAMlocation not on record | 7 |
| WNNUlocation not on record | 7 |
| Forest Survey and Design Institute, Forestry Administrative Bureau of Daxinganlinglocation not on record | 7 |
| Universidad Católica de Santa Maríalocation not on record | 6 |
| Xian, CN | 6 |
| Shanghai, CN | 6 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Elocation not on record | 6 |
| Nishihara, JP | 6 |
| Wuhan, CN | 6 |
| Strecker Museum, Baylor Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Xiamen, CN | 5 |
| Guiyang, CN | 5 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 5 |
| Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botanylocation not on record | 4 |
| Korea National Arboretumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 4 |
| South Kensington, GB | 4 |
| Seoul, KR | 4 |
| Anhui Normal Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Taipei, TW | 3 |
| Capital Normal Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Burlington, US | 3 |
| J. Rusek Collectionlocation not on record | 3 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 3 |
| Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Shanxi Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Nanchong, CN | 3 |
| Uppsala, SE | 3 |
| Jiangxi Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Guizhou Forestry Schoollocation not on record | 3 |
| Osaka, JP | 3 |
| Durham, US | 2 |
| Hangzhou Normal Collegelocation not on record | 2 |
| FFPRIlocation not on record | 2 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 2 |
| Nishihara, JP | 2 |
| Philadelphia, US | 2 |
| CASlocation not on record | 2 |
| Iwate Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Omachi Alpine Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 2 |
| Saint Louis, US | 2 |
| J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 2 |
| KIWElocation not on record | 2 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 2 |
| Toyota city nature sanctuarylocation not on record | 2 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 2 |
| LDlocation not on record | 2 |
| Xiangtan City, CN | 2 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Jiangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicinelocation not on record | 2 |
| Beijing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| FJIDClocation not on record | 2 |
| Taiyuan Normal Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| GNWPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bangkok, TH | 1 |
| Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 1 |
| Chengdu, CN | 1 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
| Guangxi Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Yunnan Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Shenzhen, CN | 1 |
| Jiangxi College of Educationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Jiujiang Forestry Institutelocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| Chongqing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Southwest Forestry Collegelocation not on record | 1 |
| Awka, NG | 1 |
| Heilongjiang Academy of Scienceslocation not on record | 1 |
| JMSlocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 1 |
| Oiso Municipal Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 1 |
| Zhuzhou, CN | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ishikawa Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 1 |
| Jishou Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Akita Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Irkutsk State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| SIHUlocation not on record | 1 |
| IWEP FEB RASlocation not on record | 1 |
| nlocation not on record | 1 |
| Institute of the biological problems of the North FEB RASlocation not on record | 1 |
| SMMUlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Sophora flavescens was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.