Solanum marginatum
L.fil. · speciesAt a glance
Sources11 archives
Databases and archives Solanum marginatum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation1 languages↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility932 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI4 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics6 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Solanum marginatum is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae known by the common names purple African nightshade and white-margined nightshade. It is native to Ethiopia and Eritrea, and it is known on other continents as an introduced species and sometimes a weed. It is a hairy shrub growing up to two meters tall. The large, distinctive, gray-green leaves are wavy along the edges, woolly on the undersides, and measure up to 18 centimeters long. The veins are white and lined with large, widely spaced prickles. The inflorescence contains several white flowers, hanging or nodding bisexual flowers and erect staminate flowers with large yellow anthers. The fruit is a yellow berry up to 5 centimeters wide. This is one of several Solanum species that contain solasodine.CDFA EncycloWeedia
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology19
Life cycle & reproduction14
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment14
Physiology & chemistry2
Other traits3
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Solanum marginatum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Solanum marginatum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 246×GoaT · Tree of Sex Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +3
n 129×CCDB · solan · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 +2
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type932 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions45 of 71 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Christchurch, NZ | 37 |
| Durango, MX | 22 |
| Saint Louis, US | 18 |
| Mexico City, MX | 18 |
| Kew, GB | 18 |
| Adelaide, AU | 12 |
| Hobart, AU | 12 |
| Mexico City, MX | 10 |
| Auckland, NZ | 9 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 9 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 9 |
| Claremont, US | 8 |
| Bronx, US | 8 |
| Jardín Botánico de Bogotá José Celestino Mutis (JBB)location not on record | 7 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 6 |
| Juriquilla, MX | 5 |
| Chicago, US | 5 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 5 |
| San Diego, US | 5 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 5 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 5 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 5 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 5 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 4 |
| Wellington, NZ | 4 |
| Austin, US | 3 |
| Pullman, US | 3 |
| Davis, US | 3 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 3 |
| Bloomington, US | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| Loja, EC | 2 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 2 |
| Universidad de Nariño (UdeNar)location not on record | 2 |
| Xiamen, CN | 2 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 2 |
| QVMAGlocation not on record | 2 |
| Valparaiso, CL | 2 |
| Riverside, US | 2 |
| Córdoba, AR | 2 |
| South Kensington, GB | 2 |
| Giardini Botanici Hanburylocation not on record | 2 |
| Canberra, AU | 2 |
| Mexico City, MX | 2 |
| Museo de Historia Natural Alfredo Dugés, Universidad de Guanajuatolocation not on record | 2 |
| San Jose, US | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Brisbane, AU | 1 |
| Universität Göttingenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 1 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| Aarhus, DK | 1 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 1 |
| MAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tlalnepantla, MX | 1 |
| La Paz, MX | 1 |
| Herbario Universidad de Concepciónlocation not on record | 1 |
| Göteborg, SE | 1 |
| Chapingo, MX | 1 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 1 |
| Morelia, MX | 1 |
| Oregon State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 1 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Austin, US | 1 |
| Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record | 1 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tampa, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Solanum marginatum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.