Solanum betaceum
Cav. · speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Solanum betaceum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation17 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 864 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI9 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
foodatlascompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
The tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) is a small tree or shrub in the flowering plant family Solanaceae (the nightshade family). It is best known as the species that bears the tamarillo, an egg-shaped edible fruit. It is also known as the tree tomato, tomate de árbol, tomate andino, tomate serrano, blood fruit, tomate de yuca, tomate de españa, sachatomate, berenjena, chilto and tamamoro in South America, and terong Belanda (Dutch eggplant) in Indonesia. It is popular globally, especially in Peru, Colombia, New Zealand, Ecuador, Rwanda, Burundi, Australia, Bhutan and the United States.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology19
Life cycle & reproduction9
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment14
Physiology & chemistry2
Compounds documented for Solanum betaceum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds42 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| gamma-aminobutyric acid | 433 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| gamma-aminobutyric acid zwitterion | 433 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| folates | 0.26 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| folate(2-) | 0.26 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| folic acids | 0.26 mg/100g | FoodAtlas | |
| folic acid | 0.26 mg/100g | FoodAtlas |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Solanum betaceum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Solanum betaceum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 2416×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +5
n 127×CCDB · solan · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · TreeOfSex · plant
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type2 864 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions46 of 86 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Saint Louis, US | 104 |
| Bronx, US | 54 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 20 |
| Auckland, NZ | 20 |
| Kew, GB | 17 |
| Sucre, BO | 17 |
| San Isidro, AR | 16 |
| Córdoba, AR | 14 |
| Smithfield, AU | 14 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 13 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 12 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 11 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 11 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 11 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 10 |
| South Kensington, GB | 10 |
| Brisbane, AU | 9 |
| Universidad Católica de Oriente (UCO)location not on record | 9 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 9 |
| Chicago, US | 8 |
| Canberra, AU | 7 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 7 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 7 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 6 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 6 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 5 |
| La Paz, BO | 5 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 5 |
| Adelaide, AU | 4 |
| Wellington, NZ | 4 |
| Wollongong, AU | 4 |
| Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record | 4 |
| Berlin, DE | 3 |
| St. Paul, US | 3 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 3 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 3 |
| Riobamba, EC | 3 |
| BMlocation not on record | 3 |
| LDlocation not on record | 3 |
| Loja, EC | 3 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 3 |
| Porto Alegre, BR | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| Paris, FR | 3 |
| University of Minnesotalocation not on record | 3 |
| Universidad de Nariño (UdeNar)location not on record | 2 |
| Denver, US | 2 |
| Universidade Paulistalocation not on record | 2 |
| Blumenau, BR | 2 |
| Mexico City, MX | 2 |
| Durban, ZA | 2 |
| HUT Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| Jardín Botánico José Celestino Mutis (JBBJCM)location not on record | 2 |
| Universiti Sains Malaysialocation not on record | 2 |
| Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record | 1 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universität Göttingenlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 1 |
| Iquitos, PE | 1 |
| Corrientes, AR | 1 |
| Arequipa, PE | 1 |
| UTPLlocation not on record | 1 |
| INTAlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 1 |
| Kensington, AU | 1 |
| Elocation not on record | 1 |
| Herbario Selva Central Oxapampa - estación biológica del Jardín Botánico de Missourilocation not on record | 1 |
| Cochabamba, BO | 1 |
| Castelar, AR | 1 |
| Lima, PE | 1 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFOPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Riverside, US | 1 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 1 |
| MAlocation not on record | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Cusco, PE | 1 |
| Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvadorlocation not on record | 1 |
| Corporación Autónoma Regional Para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB)location not on record | 1 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 1 |
| Batemans Bay, AU | 1 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 1 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 1 |
| UChlocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Solanum betaceum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.