Solanum abutiloides
(Griseb.) Bitter & Lillo · speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Solanum abutiloides's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility444 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI1 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics1 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Solanum abutiloides is a species of plant in the family Solanaceae. It is endemic to Argentina and Bolivia, and thrives as a weedy plant in rocky land, on stream banks, and scrub land between 900 – in elevation. It is also known as dwarf tamarillo, due to superficial similarities with Solanum betaceum. Both plants are noted for very rapid growth from seed, and very strongly fragrant foliage. Solanum abutiloides is also sometimes known by the archaic Cyphomandra sibundoyensis. Solanum abutiloides quickly matures into a shrub or small tree up to tall, though usually far smaller. Small flowers form on branches throughout the plant, and individual clusters of flowers can contain as many as 60 blooms. Blooms are followed by fruits - a small oblong berry that ripens to a yellow-orange color. The berries are around (or slightly larger) in diameter. When unripe, the berries are mildly toxic (as are tamarillos), though they are edible upon ripening.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology11
Life cycle & reproduction10
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment12
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Solanum abutiloides across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds49 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2R)-N-[(2R,6S)-6-[(3S,5S,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S,16R,17R)-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-16-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methyl-5-oxoheptyl]-2-methylbutanamide | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R)-N-[(2S,6S)-6-[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S,16R,17R)-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-16-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methyl-5-oxoheptyl]-2-methylbutanamide | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6S)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2R,4R,5'R,6R,7S,8S,9S,12R,13R,16S,20R)-20-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5'-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]spiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxolane]-16-yl]oxy-5-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2R,4R,5'R,6R,7S,8S,9S,12R,13R,16S,20R)-20-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5'-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]spiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxolane]-16-yl]oxy-4-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5'-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]spiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxolane]-16-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S,20S)-20-methoxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5'-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]spiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxolane]-16-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2S,4S,5'S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S,20R)-20-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5'-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]spiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxolane]-16-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2S,4S,5'S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5'-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]spiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxolane]-16-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[(1S,2S,4S,5'S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S,20R)-20-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethyl-5'-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]spiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxolane]-16-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Solanum abutiloides has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Solanum abutiloides carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 248×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn72 +3
n 126×CCDB · solan · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +1
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type444 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions26 of 40 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Bronx, US | 51 |
| Saint Louis, US | 46 |
| Córdoba, AR | 26 |
| San Isidro, AR | 20 |
| Brisbane, AU | 12 |
| La Paz, BO | 12 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 9 |
| South Kensington, GB | 8 |
| Sucre, BO | 7 |
| BMlocation not on record | 4 |
| Kew, GB | 4 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 4 |
| Adelaide, AU | 4 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 4 |
| Corrientes, AR | 3 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 3 |
| Canberra, AU | 3 |
| Chicago, US | 2 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 2 |
| INTAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Elocation not on record | 2 |
| Blumenau, BR | 2 |
| Tampa, US | 1 |
| Fundación Miguel Lillolocation not on record | 1 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 1 |
| Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldilocation not on record | 1 |
| PHlocation not on record | 1 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Notre Damelocation not on record | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Santarém, BR | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Calabar, NG | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| Glocation not on record | 1 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Cochabamba, BO | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Solanum abutiloides was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.