Serratula tinctoria
speciesAt a glance
Occurrence records77 529
Data sources14
Biological traits42
DNA specimens15
eDNA detections12
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Serratula tinctoria's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility77 529 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI12 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics15 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗On this page7 sections
Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
NarrativeWikipediaarticle
Traits & measurements4 literature sources42 traits
Chemical compositionLOTUS · NPASS20 compounds
Occurrence & distributionGBIF77 529 records
Environmental DNA2 datasets · 4 countries12 detections
DNA & barcodingBOLD · NCBI15 specimens
Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT1.6 Gbp
01Narrative
La Serratule des teinturiers ou Sarrette des teinturiers est une plante herbacée de la famille des Asteracées.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
02Traits & measurements
SourcesGIFTLEDATRYWCVP
Size & morphology10
Leaf mass113 mg
Leaf size3 162 mm²
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 3 162 mm² · LEDA: 2 733 mm² · GIFT: 4 699 mm²
Plant height0.5 m
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 0.5 m · LEDA: 0.5 m · TRY: 0.06 m
Plant height generative0.58 m
Plant height max1.2 m
Plant height min0.1 m
Seed length7.3 mm
Seed mass2.62 mg
Seed mass max3.67 mg
Seed mass min0.516 mg
Life cycle & reproduction13
Deciduousnessevergreen
Dehiscenceindehiscent
Dispersal typeanimal
Flowering endSep
Flowering startJul
Life formperennial
Life spanperennial
Lifespan years2 years
Pollination modebiotic
Pollination syndromeinsect
Raunkiær life formcryptophyte
Reproduction asexualabsent
Self fertilizationpresent
Diet & foraging2
Carnivorynon-carnivorous
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment9
Aquaticterrestrial
Climatetemperate
Climberself-supporting
Epiphyteterrestrial
Fruit typeachene
Growth formherb
Habitat GIFTcut-over forest, forest, forest edges, limestone, meadows, sand, shrubberies
Mycorrhiza typearbuscular
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry7
Leaf C:N ratio36.06 g/g
Leaf c460 mg/g
Leaf dry-matter content (LDMC)205 mg/g
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 205 mg/g · LEDA: 175 mg/g
Leaf n12.74 mg/g
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Seed longevity index0
Specific leaf area (SLA)20.97 mm²/mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 20.97 mm²/mg · LEDA: 21 mm²/mg · GIFT: 19.73 mm²/mg
Other traits1
Diaspore typeone-seeded generative dispersule
03Chemical composition20 compounds
Compounds documented for Serratula tinctoria across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Ecdysteroids8
Ecdysteroids $ Pregnane steroids2
Androstane steroids2
Cholestane steroids2
Ergostane steroids1
Documented compounds20 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Nootkatone | present | NPASS | |
| (-)-Dehydrocostus lactone | present | NPASS | |
| (2beta,3beta,5beta)-2,3,14-Trihydroxypregn-7-ene-6,20-dione | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R,3R,4S)-2,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2R,3S)-2,3,6-trihydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2S,3R,4S)-2,3,4,6-tetrahydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3S,5R,9R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-acetyl-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3S,5R,9R,10R,13S,14R)-2,3,14-trihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,9,11,12,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-6,17-dione | present | LOTUS | |
| 20-Hydroxyecdysone | present | LOTUS | |
| 24-Methylenecholesterol | present | LOTUS |
05DNA & barcoding15 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Serratula tinctoria has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens15
Marker genes6
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections12
Countries5
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
ATCGCGCGCCCCAGATCACTCCCCAATGGNNAGGTGTTTCTCTGGGACGGATACTGTCTCCCGTGNGATGGCGCGGTTGGCCTAAAAAGG …
Serratula tinctoria internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK3★rbcL5★rbcLa★ITS2★ITS1★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manual Serratula tinctoria carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size1 594 140 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Serratula tinctoria1.59 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 22 n = 11
Ploidy2× diploid · measured
Chromosome records22–222n range22median22mode36records
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 2236×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · slov-fl +13
GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew
GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗
CCDB · slov-fl — Májovský J. et al., 1970a: Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian flora (Part 1). - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. 16: 1-26.
CCDB · brit-fl — Morton, J.K. Watsonia 11: 211-223 (1977)
CCDB · brit-fl — Maude, P.F. New Phytol. 38: 1-31 (1939)
CCDB · brit-fl — Morton, J.K. (3.iv.1968)
CCDB · brit-fl — Dempsey, R.E., Gornall, R.J., Bailey, J.P. Watsonia 20: 63-66 (1994)
CCDB · iber-fl — Contribution la connaissance cytotaxinomique des spermatophyta du Portugal. II. Compositae Fernandes, A. & M. Queirs.Bol. Soc. Brot. ser. 245: 5-121(1971).
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosmicos en algunos txones del gnero Serratula L. (Asteraceae). Cant, P.Lazaroa3: 190-194(1982).
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosomticos de plantas occidentales, 211-222. Castroviejo, S.Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid39(2): 525-531(1983).
CCDB · nw-europe-fl — http://wbd.etibioinformatics.nl/bis/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=3868
CCDB · fl-europaea — Majovsky et al.,
CCDB · poland — Skali?ska M., Czapik R., Piotrowicz M. et al. 1959. Further studies in chromosome numbers of Polish Angiosperms (Dicotyledons). Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 28, 487-529.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Canto, P. 1981. Números cromosómicos en algunos taxones del género Serratula L. (Asteraceae). Lazaroa 3: 189–195.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Vitek, E., M. Kiehn, K. Pascher, F. Starlinger, J. Greimler, U. Stocker, S. Lehner, P. Beinhofer & A. Blaha. 1992. Beiträge zur Flora von Österreich---weitere Chromosomenzählungen. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 129: 215–226.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Dempsey, R. E., R. J. Gornall & J. P. Bailey. 1994. Contributions to a cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 4. Watsonia 20: 63–66.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Lövkvist, B. & U. M. Hultgård. 1999. Chromosome numbers in south Swedish vascular plants. Opera Bot. 137: 1–42.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kuzmanova, B. & S. Georgieva. 1980. In Chromosome number reports LXIX. Taxon 29: 715.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Morton, J. K. 1977. A cytological study of the Compositae (excluding Hieracium and Taraxacum) of the British Isles. Watsonia 11: 211–223.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Tonian, T. R. 1980. Relation between chromosome number and some morphological features of Centaureinae Less representatives. Rev. Biol. 33 (5): 552–554.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Castroviejo, S. 1983. Numeros cromosomaticos de plantas occidentales, 211--222. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 39: 525–531.
CCDB · book-ipcn72 — HOLUB, J., J. MESICEK, & v. JAVURKOVA. 1972. Annotated chromo- some counts of Czechoslovak plants (31-60). (Materials for a Flora CSSR-3) Folia Geob. Phyto. (Czech. l 7: 167-202.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — CHOUKSANOVA, N.A., L.I. SVESHNIKOVA, & T.V. ALEXANDROVA. 1968. A new evidence on chromosome numbers in species of the family Compositae Giseke. Citologija 10: 381-386.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — FERNANDES, A., & M. QUEIROS. 1971. Contribution a la connaissance cytotaxinomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. II Compositae Bol. soc. Brot. 45 (ser. 2l: 5-122.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — MAJOVSKY, J., ET. AL. 1970. Index of chromosome numbers of Slovakian flora (Part 1). Acta Fae. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comenianae Bot. 16.: 1-26.
CCDB · book-northern-plants — Maude 1939, 1940.
CCDB · book-fedorov — XyKC8HOBa H liP
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants — Maude 1940
CCDB · Cave1959 — Skalinska et al. 1959
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Lövkvist, B. & Hultgård, U.-M. (1999). Chromosome numbers in south Swedish vascular plants Opera botanica 137: 1-42
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Cantó, P. (1981). Números cromosómicos en algunos táxones del género Serratula L. (Asteraceae). Lazaroa 3: 189-195.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Dempsey, R. E., Gornall, R. J. & Bailey, J. P. (1994). Contributions to a cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 4. Watsonia 20: 63-66.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Holub, J., Mesícek, J. & Javürková, V. (1972). Annotated chromosome counts of Czechoslovak plants (31-60). Folia Geobot. Phytotax. (Bohem.) 7: 167-202.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Kuzmanov, B. & Georgieva, S. (1980). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LXIX]. Taxon 29(5): 715.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Kuzmanov, B., Georgieva, S. & Nikolova, V. (1986). Chromosome numbers of Bulgarian flowering plants. I, Fam. Asteraceae. Fitologija 31: 71-74.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Vitek, E., M. Kiehn, K. Pascher, F. Starlinger, J. Greimler, U. Stocker, S. Lehner, P. Beinhofer & A. Blaha (1992). Beiträge zur Flora von Österreich---weitere Chromosomenzählungen. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 129: 215-22
n 01×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Lövkvist, B. & Hultgård, U.-M. (1999). Chromosome numbers in south Swedish vascular plants Opera botanica 137: 1-42
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=1.000 ↗
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type77 529 records
Wild obs. + sensor71 549
Museum / vouchered4 698
Cultivated / captive11
Other1 271
Origin
Native6 954
Introduced9
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO88 148 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy38% within 1 km
≤100 m 15 721≤1 km 6 298≤10 km 35 218>10 km 674
57 911 georeferenced · 13 638 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor71 549
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy29% within 1 km
≤100 m 221≤1 km 651≤10 km 2 015>10 km 71
2 958 georeferenced · 1 740 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence4 698
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 2>10 km 8
10 georeferenced · 1 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living11
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions51 of 114 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 1 785 |
| LDlocation not on record | 348 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 345 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 200 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 171 |
| South Kensington, GB | 142 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 118 |
| Salzburg, AT | 115 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 112 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 86 |
| Tartu, EE | 82 |
| Brussel, BE | 81 |
| Olocation not on record | 56 |
| LfUlocation not on record | 56 |
| Philadelphia, US | 53 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 46 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 42 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 41 |
| Görlitz, DE | 35 |
| Dresden, DE | 33 |
| Mlocation not on record | 26 |
| Barcelona, ES | 25 |
| Bern, CH | 24 |
| Wlocation not on record | 23 |
| No collectionlocation not on record | 22 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 21 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 21 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 18 |
| Uppsala, SE | 18 |
| Tallinn, EE | 17 |
| MAlocation not on record | 14 |
| València, ES | 14 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 14 |
| PRClocation not on record | 13 |
| Bergen, NO | 12 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 12 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 10 |
| FLADlocation not on record | 10 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 9 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 9 |
| Zürich, CH | 8 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 8 |
| Pamplona, ES | 7 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 7 |
| Berlin, DE | 7 |
| BClocation not on record | 7 |
| Salamanca, ES | 6 |
| The State Museum-Preserve "The Kulikovo pole"location not on record | 6 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 6 |
| Trondheim, NO | 6 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 6 |
| Podgorica, ME | 5 |
| Bourges, FR | 5 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 5 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 4 |
| Tula State Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Pamplona, ES | 3 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 3 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 3 |
| Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisienlocation not on record | 3 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 3 |
| Columbia, US | 3 |
| Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reservelocation not on record | 3 |
| Monastir, TN | 3 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 3 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 3 |
| Paris, FR | 3 |
| Staten Island, US | 3 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 3 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 3 |
| Sede di Via Giorgio La Pira del Museo di Storia naturale di Firenze | Via Giorgio La Pira headquarter of the Natural History Museum in Florencelocation not on record | 2 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 2 |
| Fulda, DE | 2 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 2 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 2 |
| Winterthur, CH | 2 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 1 |
| Alicante, ES | 1 |
| Uniwersytet w Białymstokulocation not on record | 1 |
| Davenport, US | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Museum Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Salvador, BR | 1 |
| Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaftlocation not on record | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| NMWlocation not on record | 1 |
| Saint Louis, US | 1 |
| Madrid, ES | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 1 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| Badajoz, ES | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 1 |
| OLAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Glarus, CH | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| CBDClocation not on record | 1 |
| Gijón, ES | 1 |
| Musée des Confluenceslocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
114 institutions · 4 472 of 4 698 vouchered records shown · 202 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA12 detections
Where the DNA of Serratula tinctoria was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found12
Studies independent surveys2
Countries4
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 12 detections have coordinates
Open the map4 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median17.6 °C 11.4–17.6
Seasonal swing summer↔winter20.9 °C
Max temp (day)18.7 °C 14.3–20.3
Min temp (night)16.2 °C 8.80–16.2
Precipitation68.6 mm/mo 65.7–77.7
Air humidity61.4 % 61.1–64.5
Vapour deficit779 Pa 489–780
Cloud cover35.1 % 35.1–52.3
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 9 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.