Habitat GIFTmountains, old fields, rivers, steppe, stony places
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry6
Leaf c465 mg/g
Leaf dry-matter content (LDMC)404 mg/g
Leaf n19.45 mg/g
Leaf p1.2 mg/g
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Specific leaf area (SLA)13.58 mm²/mg
03Chemical composition539 compounds
Compounds documented for Scutellaria baicalensis across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
💊 Medicinal use documented
Compound class profile5 classes
Flavones109
Flavanones21
Hydrocarbons17
Cinnamic acids and derivatives16
Lanostane, Tirucallane and Euphane triterpenoids8
Documented compounds539 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
BAICALIN
206,000 ppm
DukesPhytochem
WOGONIN-7-O-GLUCURONIDE
54,000 ppm
DukesPhytochem
BAICALEIN
54,000 ppm
DukesPhytochem
OROXYLIN-A-7-O-GLUCURONIDE
41,000 ppm
DukesPhytochem
WOGONOSIDE
39,700 ppm
DukesPhytochem
CALCIUM
10,300 ppm
DukesPhytochem
POTASSIUM
9,120 ppm
DukesPhytochem
WOGONIN
7,300 ppm
DukesPhytochem
05DNA & barcoding13 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Scutellaria baicalensis has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens13
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections13
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★rbcL7★ITS3★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualScutellaria baicalensis carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size562 350 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Scutellaria baicalensis0.56 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — LEE, Y.N. 1970. Chromosome number of flowering plants in Korea (3) J. Korean Res. Inst. Better Living 5: 127-129.
CCDB · Cave1956supp — Suzuka 1953
2n 322×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Probatova, N. S. & A. P. Sokolovskaya. 1990. Chromosome numbers in some representatives of the families Asclepiadaceae, Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Lamiaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Urticaceae from the Soviet Far East. Bot. Žhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 75: 1619–1622.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Shatokhina. 2006. Chromosome numbers of some plants of the Amur Region flora. Bot. Žhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 91(3): 487–490.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelChromosome
Completeness97.3% BUSCO
07Deep time~1.3 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin1.3 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type1 358 records
Wild obs. + sensor291
Museum / vouchered1 063
Cultivated / captive3
Other1
Origin
Native3
Introduced7
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO2 604 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy57% within 1 km
≤100 m 105≤1 km 17≤10 km 57>10 km 34
213 georeferenced · 78 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor291
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy3% within 1 km
≤1 km 5≤10 km 157>10 km 7
169 georeferenced · 894 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 063
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy67% within 1 km
≤1 km 2≤10 km 1
3 georeferenced
Open the mapnot free-living3
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions37 of 71 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Beijing, CN
341
Yangling, CN
68
Xining, CN
48
ifplocation not on record
46
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
45
SXTCMlocation not on record
34
Irkutsk State Universitylocation not on record
26
Peking Universitylocation not on record
25
Nanjing, CN
25
Shanxi Institute of Biologylocation not on record
24
Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record
17
ENTClocation not on record
17
Chengdu, CN
14
Kunming, CN
13
Jiangxi College of Educationlocation not on record
11
Xian, CN
10
Forest Survey and Design Institute, Forestry Administrative Bureau of Daxinganlinglocation not on record
9
Kyoto Universitylocation not on record
8
Zhengzhou, CN
7
Wuhan, CN
7
Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record
7
Shanghai, CN
7
WNNUlocation not on record
6
Shenyang Agricultural Universitylocation not on record
6
Uppsala, SE
6
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Scienceslocation not on record
6
Chengdu, CN
5
KR
5
Tianjin Natural History Museumlocation not on record
5
Xian, CN
5
Hebei Normal Universitylocation not on record
5
Lanzhou, CN
4
Nanjing, CN
3
Taipei, TW
3
Changsha, CN
3
Chengdu, CN
3
Xinxiang, CN
3
Bronx, US
3
Taipei, TW
3
Nanchong, CN
3
Beijing Natural History Museumlocation not on record
3
TAIElocation not on record
3
ASUlocation not on record
2
Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld)location not on record
2
Shanxi Universitylocation not on record
2
IMMUlocation not on record
2
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
2
Berlin, DE
2
Denver, US
1
XAJDlocation not on record
1
东北师范大学自然博物馆location not on record
1
Guilin, CN
1
Beijing Normal Universitylocation not on record
1
Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record
1
Taipei, TW
1
LDlocation not on record
1
HUFDlocation not on record
1
Burlington, US
1
Guiyang, CN
1
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
1
Chiba, JP
1
Podgorica, ME
1
Guangzhou, CN
1
Santa Barbara, US
1
Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record
1
Seoul, KR
1
South Kensington, GB
1
Saint Louis, US
1
Taiyuan Normal Universitylocation not on record
1
Vancouver, CA
1
National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record
1
71 institutions · 927 of 1 063 vouchered records shown · 136 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA13 detections
Where the DNA of Scutellaria baicalensis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found13
Studies independent surveys1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 13 detections have coordinates
Open the map0 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation11 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 358 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI13 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗