Saba comorensis is a species of flowering plant in the Apocynaceae family. It is commonly called bungo fruit (pl. mabungo), mbungo, or rubber vine and is widespread across most of tropical Africa as well as in Madagascar and Comoros. It grows in Tanzania and Somalia, for example on the islands of Pemba and Zanzibar in the Indian Ocean. The species belongs to the genus Saba from the family Apocynaceae. The fruit looks similar to an orange with a hard orange peel but when opened it contains a dozen or so pips, which have the same texture as a mango seed with the fibres and juices all locked in these fibres. The fruit also makes a delicious juice drink which has been described as tasting "somewhere between a mango, an orange and a pineapple" [[The Times] retrieved 30 July 2009] "The highlight is a juice from the bungo fruit, indigenous to Zanzibar, which has a taste somewhere between a mango, an orange and a pineapple." The aromatic juice of the bungo fruit is also popular and highly appreciated on Pemba Island and other parts of coastal Tanzania. Not only in the Tanzanian Mahale Mountains National Park, S. comorensis is dispersed by chimpanzees.James V. Wakibara. Abundance and dispersion of some chimpanzee-dispersed fruiting plants at Mahale, Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology Vol. 43, Issue 2, pp. 107–113, May 2005. Article first published online: 27 MAY 2005. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2005.00553.x
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Habitat GIFTriverine forest, forest edges, less often in rocky woodland
Woodinesswoody
Physiology & chemistry1
Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer
05DNA & barcoding6 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Saba comorensis has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens6
Marker genes3
GenBank sequences4
eDNA detections4
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Saba comorensis ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene, partial cds; chloroplast
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK2★rbcL2★rbcLa
plant barcode
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type935 records
Wild obs. + sensor285
Museum / vouchered642
Other8
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO1 748 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy34% within 1 km
≤100 m 26≤1 km 4≤10 km 55>10 km 3
88 georeferenced · 197 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor285
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy44% within 1 km
≤100 m 3≤1 km 1≤10 km 3>10 km 2
9 georeferenced · 633 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence642
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions16 of 45 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Saint Louis, US
95
Kew, GB
51
MeiseBGlocation not on record
48
HNBlocation not on record
34
WAGlocation not on record
34
St. Augustine, TT
15
LSF/FSA/UAClocation not on record
15
Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record
12
TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record
11
LSFlocation not on record
9
Stockholm, SE
9
Yaoundé, CM
8
Fort Worth, US
7
Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record
7
Université du Lomélocation not on record
6
Plocation not on record
6
Paris, FR
6
National Museums of Kenyalocation not on record
6
LBVlocation not on record
6
Frankfurt am Main
5
EFGlocation not on record
5
Pretoria, ZA
4
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
4
Philadelphia, US
4
Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record
4
Arusha, TZ
4
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
3
BRLUlocation not on record
3
Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record
3
Glocation not on record
3
MAlocation not on record
2
Claremont, US
2
University of Johannesburglocation not on record
2
Coimbra, PT
2
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique / Institut de l'environnement et de recherches agricoleslocation not on record
2
Centro de Biotecnologia e Quimica-CEBIQlocation not on record
1
Southern Highlands Conservation Programmelocation not on record
1
DSMlocation not on record
1
TFDlocation not on record
1
Centre de Formation et de Recherche en Conservation Forestièrelocation not on record
1
CJBGlocation not on record
1
UJlocation not on record
1
Bronx, US
1
Uppsala, SE
1
Edinburgh, GB
1
45 institutions · 447 of 642 vouchered records shown · 193 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA4 detections
Where the DNA of Saba comorensis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found4
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 4 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median16.9 °C 10.0–25.1
Seasonal swing summer↔winter10.8 °C
Max temp (day)22.0 °C 13.5–30.9
Min temp (night)12.0 °C 6.40–18.8
Precipitation45.1 mm/mo 7.00–69.6
Air humidity59.9 % 51.3–63.8
Moisture balance-50.9 mm/mo -134–-0.5
Vapour deficit895 Pa 484–1,555
Wind speed3.50 m/s 2.20–4.50
Cloud cover34.8 % 14.4–43.5
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 4 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.