Russula cyanoxantha, synonymous with R. xyanoxantha, commonly known as the charcoal burner, is a basidiomycete mushroom, distinguished from most other members of the genus Russula by the fact that its gills do not split, but are soft and flexible. It is one of the most common species of Russula in Europe. It is an edible mushroom. It was designated "Mushroom of the Year" in 1997 by the German Association of Mycology.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Compounds documented for Russula cyanoxantha across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Russula cyanoxantha has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens37
Marker genes2
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections1 825
Countries31
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Russula cyanoxantha HYNK25330 genes for ITS1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS2, partial and complete sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★ITS10★ITS1
fungal barcode
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type32 128 records
Wild obs. + sensor30 484
Museum / vouchered1 558
Cultivated / captive7
Other79
Origin
Native2
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO41 768 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy41% within 1 km
≤100 m 6 468≤1 km 4 126≤10 km 15 146>10 km 202
25 942 georeferenced · 4 542 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor30 484
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy57% within 1 km
≤100 m 98≤1 km 221≤10 km 211>10 km 30
560 georeferenced · 998 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 558
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 7 records without
Open the mapnot free-living7
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions58 of 107 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
WU-MYClocation not on record
91
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
83
Bando, JP
48
Olocation not on record
47
Tomioka, JP
41
BDBClocation not on record
38
Copenhagen, DK
38
Osaka, JP
37
Chicago, US
34
National Museum of Natural Sciencelocation not on record
30
Chiba, JP
28
TENN-Flocation not on record
28
LDlocation not on record
26
San Sebastián, ES
26
Vitoria, ES
26
Zapopan, MX
25
MeiseBGlocation not on record
21
Görlitz, DE
21
Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocagelocation not on record
20
Philadelphia, US
19
Davis and Elkins Collegelocation not on record
18
Uppsala, SE
16
Helsinki, FI
16
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
15
Université de Montréal Biodiversity Centrelocation not on record
14
Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung: Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseumlocation not on record
14
Bronx, US
13
Karlsruhe, DE
13
Uniwersytet Łódzkilocation not on record
13
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
11
Cercle des Mycologues de Montreal Fungariumlocation not on record
9
Córdoba, ES
9
Trondheim, NO
9
National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record
9
Mexico City, MX
9
Asheville, US
8
Salzburg, AT
8
Zürich, CH
8
GJOlocation not on record
8
Kew, GB
7
Catholic University of Pekinglocation not on record
7
Vancouver, CA
7
WTUlocation not on record
7
Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP
7
JA-CAGPDS-CAMlocation not on record
6
BRNUlocation not on record
6
Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record
6
Department of Plant Resources, National Herbarium and Plant Laboratorieslocation not on record
6
Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record
6
Mlocation not on record
5
Bardejov, SK
5
Oulu, FI
5
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
5
Durham, US
5
Turku, FI
5
Stockholm, SE
4
MAlocation not on record
4
University of Oslo, Natural History Museumlocation not on record
4
Slovenian Forestry Institutelocation not on record
3
ILLSlocation not on record
3
Chapel Hill, US
3
Brisbane, AU
3
Göteborg, SE
3
Mérida, ES
3
IFR-DNFlocation not on record
3
TUR-Alocation not on record
3
Denver, US
3
TROMlocation not on record
3
FLASlocation not on record
3
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologialocation not on record
2
McWane Science Centerlocation not on record
2
Staten Island, US
2
Kuopio, FI
2
US
2
Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record
2
Ixtacuixtla de Mariano Matamoros, MX
2
Bernard Price Institute for Palaeontological Researchlocation not on record
2
Cincinnati, US
2
University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)location not on record
2
National Mushroom Centre, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, Bhutanlocation not on record
2
Blacksburg, US
2
Ciudad de México, MX
2
Toronto, CA
1
St. Paul, US
1
Universidad de los Andes (UNIANDES)location not on record
1
Champaign, US
1
Durango, MX
1
CJBGlocation not on record
1
Jyväskylä, FI
1
IB FRC Komi SC UB RASlocation not on record
1
Odawara, JP
1
MUSE - Museo delle Scienze di Trentolocation not on record
1
Paris, FR
1
1
Tartu, EE
1
Logan, US
1
Rene Pomerleau Herbariumlocation not on record
1
Tampa, US
1
Metsähallituslocation not on record
1
CA
1
Mexico City, MX
1
Kathmandu, NP
1
Joensuu, FI
1
Gijón, ES
1
Santa Cruz, US
1
Grupo Actinomicetales Merida Facultad de Medicinalocation not on record
1
DIEF VALONSADEROlocation not on record
1
107 institutions · 1 138 of 1 558 vouchered records shown · 418 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA1 825 detections
Where the DNA of Russula cyanoxantha was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found1 825
Studies independent surveys5
Countries31
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 1 825 detections have coordinates
Open the map31 countries0
Foret mixte (hetre, epinette, frene, bouleau…Hetraie, au sol parmi feuillesNearcticPalearcticAfrotropicNeotropic
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median11.6 °C 6.70–18.4
Seasonal swing summer↔winter21.4 °C
Max temp (day)14.5 °C 9.50–25.1
Min temp (night)6.20 °C 1.50–14.6
Precipitation70.7 mm/mo 37.9–153
Air humidity61.5 % 56.4–68.4
Moisture balance5.20 mm/mo -51.1–74.9
Vapour deficit529 Pa 367–949
Wind speed3.50 m/s 1.10–5.70
Cloud cover48.0 % 34.1–55.8
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 1 696 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation10 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility32 128 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI1 825 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics37 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
Catalogue of LifeCOLtaxonomy↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗