Compounds documented for Pyrus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Documented compounds1 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
1,4-Benzoquinone
present
LOTUS
05DNA & barcoding11 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Pyrus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens11
Marker genes7
eDNA detections3
Countries3
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★rbcL★rbcLa★trnL-F★ITS1★ITS2trnH-psbA
plant barcodefungal barcodemarker
07Deep time89.8–0.01 Ma
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
Fossil range89.8–0.01 Ma Cretaceous → Quaternary
Dated fossil finds13
StatusStill living record runs to the present
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard periods (Jurassic, Cretaceous…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. The dashed rules marked ✦ are the five great mass extinctions. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Pyrus. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
fossil range (PBDB)each dot = one dated findmass extinction
How it livedPBDB
Dietphotoautotroph
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type25 711 records
Wild obs. + sensor23 124
Museum / vouchered1 580
Cultivated / captive789
Fossil26
Other192
Origin
Native58
Introduced57
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO42 748 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy34% within 1 km
≤100 m 2 325≤1 km 1 167≤10 km 6 671>10 km 14
10 177 georeferenced · 12 947 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor23 124
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy36% within 1 km
≤100 m 55≤1 km 89≤10 km 238>10 km 15
397 georeferenced · 1 183 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 580
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy37% within 1 km
≤100 m 15≤1 km 4≤10 km 32
51 georeferenced · 738 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living789
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions85 of 132 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Guangzhou, CN
200
Kunming, CN
184
BFLlocation not on record
176
Allentown, US
125
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
62
Philadelphia, US
54
Lanzhou, CN
54
Berlin, DE
52
Shanghai, CN
43
MAlocation not on record
31
Tartu, EE
26
Saint Louis, US
25
Acadia Universitylocation not on record
22
Cambridge, US
18
Beijing, CN
18
San Sebastián, ES
16
BClocation not on record
15
Karlsruhe, DE
15
Provincia di Livornolocation not on record
14
Guangzhou, CN
14
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
14
Claremont, US
13
València, ES
13
Canberra, AU
11
Chengdu, CN
11
Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record
10
Shanghai, CN
9
Görlitz, DE
9
Mount Pleasant, US
9
Edinburgh, GB
9
Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record
9
Wuhan, CN
8
Ann Arbor, US
8
Yunnan Universitylocation not on record
7
Institute of Botany, Ilia State Universitylocation not on record
7
Wlocation not on record
7
BRNUlocation not on record
6
Kew, GB
6
University of New Hampshirelocation not on record
6
South Kensington, GB
6
Seoul, KR
6
Bangkok, TH
6
Bronx, US
5
MeiseBGlocation not on record
5
PRClocation not on record
5
Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record
5
Mount Annan, AU
4
Salzburg, AT
4
Jiangxi Universitylocation not on record
4
Emporia, US
4
Columbia, US
4
CICYTEXlocation not on record
4
Wuhan, CN
4
Staten Island, US
4
Santa Barbara, US
4
Awka, NG
3
Flagstaff, US
3
Mlocation not on record
3
AZE015location not on record
3
Parkville, AU
3
Portland, US
3
Tianjin Natural History Museumlocation not on record
3
PUC-RSlocation not on record
3
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
3
Barcelona, ES
2
Albuquerque, US
2
Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld)location not on record
2
University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record
2
Mexico City, MX
2
College Park, US
2
TAIElocation not on record
2
McWane Science Centerlocation not on record
2
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
2
Taipei, TW
2
Nagano City, JP
2
Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record
2
Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record
2
Minia, EG
2
Xining, CN
2
St. Paul, US
2
Boise, US
1
Denver, US
1
Kuopio, FI
1
Jiangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicinelocation not on record
1
Chengdu, CN
1
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewlocation not on record
1
Henderson, US
1
Xiamen, CN
1
WTUlocation not on record
1
Whitehorse, CA
1
Tallinn, EE
1
Turlock, US
1
Vancouver, CA
1
Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record
1
Austin, US
1
Podgorica, ME
1
Waverly, US
1
Guilin, CN
1
Salamanca, ES
1
Davis, US
1
Mexico City, MX
1
San Francisco, US
1
SCAUlocation not on record
1
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
1
Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record
1
Garðabær, IS
1
Helsinki, FI
1
SYS, PElocation not on record
1
Johnson City, US
1
Durango, MX
1
Austin, US
1
Auckland, NZ
1
Davenport, US
1
UNESP-FCAlocation not on record
1
BAYLUlocation not on record
1
Madrid, ES
1
Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record
1
Nanjing, CN
1
Dover, US
1
Universidad de La Serenalocation not on record
1
Armidale, AU
1
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record
1
Burlington, US
1
Chongqing Natural History Museumlocation not on record
1
Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record
1
Nanjing, CN
1
Moscow, US
1
US
1
Museo de Historia Natural Alfredo Dugés, Universidad de Guanajuatolocation not on record
1
Honolulu, US
1
Edmonton, CA
1
Córdoba, ES
1
132 institutions · 1 521 of 1 580 vouchered records shown · 54 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA3 detections
Where the DNA of Pyrus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found3
Studies independent surveys1
Countries3
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 3 detections have coordinates
Open the map3 countries0
planted shrub
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.4 °C 13.0–17.0
Seasonal swing summer↔winter12.7 °C
Max temp (day)19.1 °C 16.9–22.6
Min temp (night)11.1 °C 9.20–13.9
Precipitation48.0 mm/mo 10.9–85.8
Air humidity60.0 % 56.3–63.6
Moisture balance-60.1 mm/mo -114–-25.1
Vapour deficit700 Pa 653–702
Wind speed4.30 m/s 2.80–4.50
Cloud cover42.5 % 33.9–44.5
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility25 698 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI3 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗