Polytrichum commune
Hedw. · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Polytrichum commune's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation12 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility88 282 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI48 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics44 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Polytrichum commune (also known as common haircap, great golden maidenhair, great goldilocks, common haircap moss, or common hair moss) is a species of moss found in many regions with high humidity and rainfall. The species can be exceptionally tall for a moss with stems often exceeding 30 cm though rarely reaching 70 cm, but it is most commonly found at shorter lengths of 5 to. It is widely distributed throughout temperate and boreal latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere and also found in Mexico, several Pacific Islands including New Zealand, and also in Australia. It typically grows in bogs, wet heathland and along forest streams.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology1
Life cycle & reproduction1
Habitat & environment2
Physiology & chemistry3
Compounds documented for Polytrichum commune across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds42 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1S,2S,6R,7S,9R,10R,12R,14S)-7,9-dihydroxy-9,14-dimethyl-5-methylidene-3,13-dioxatetracyclo[8.4.0.02,6.012,14]tetradecan-4-one | present | NPASS | |
| (2S)-7-methoxy-2-phenyl-5-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S)-7-methoxy-2-phenyl-5-[(Z)-2-phenylethenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (3aS,5aR,6R,8S,9aS,9bS)-6,8-dihydroxy-5a-methyl-3,9-dimethylidene-3a,4,5,6,7,8,9a,9b-octahydrobenzo[g][1]benzofuran-2-one | present | NPASS | |
| (3aS,5aR,6R,9S,9aS,9bS)-6-hydroxy-5a,9-dimethyl-3-methylidene-3a,4,5,6,7,9,9a,9b-octahydrobenzo[g][1]benzofuran-2,8-dione | present | NPASS | |
| (3aS,7R,9R,10E,11aR)-7,9-dihydroxy-10-methyl-3,6-dimethylidene-4,5,7,8,9,11a-hexahydro-3aH-cyclodeca[b]furan-2-one | present | NPASS | |
| (3S,3aS,7R,9S,10E,11aS)-7,9-dihydroxy-3,10-dimethyl-6-methylidene-3,3a,4,5,7,8,9,11a-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-2-one | present | NPASS | |
| (3S,9S,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(E,2S,5R)-5,6-dimethylhept-3-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-henicosa-6,9,12,15-tetraene | present | LOTUS | |
| 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 6,8-dimethoxy-7-(((2E,6E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrienyl)oxy)- | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Polytrichum commune has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Polytrichum commune carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
n 78×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 +1
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type88 282 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions121 of 239 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 3 502 |
| Bronx, US | 620 |
| Vancouver, CA | 560 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 375 |
| Durham, US | 370 |
| Saint Louis, US | 355 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 320 |
| Trondheim, NO | 293 |
| Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Researchlocation not on record | 262 |
| PHlocation not on record | 230 |
| Tilburg, NL | 221 |
| Brussel, BE | 221 |
| Uppsala, SE | 218 |
| Knoxville, US | 212 |
| Olocation not on record | 211 |
| Madison, US | 190 |
| LDlocation not on record | 169 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 165 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 154 |
| Garðabær, IS | 153 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 149 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 146 |
| CASlocation not on record | 135 |
| Canberra, AU | 133 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 128 |
| Universitat Autònoma de Barcelonalocation not on record | 119 |
| Tartu, EE | 118 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 113 |
| Kuopio, FI | 107 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 104 |
| MHN-UPlocation not on record | 99 |
| IFR-DNFlocation not on record | 97 |
| Hobart, AU | 96 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 93 |
| Wellington, NZ | 83 |
| Helsinki, FI | 82 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 81 |
| South Kensington, GB | 75 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 70 |
| UAclocation not on record | 69 |
| Montréal, CA | 69 |
| Philadelphia, US | 65 |
| Chicago, US | 64 |
| Akita Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 63 |
| MAlocation not on record | 57 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 57 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 56 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 56 |
| Zürich, CH | 56 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 56 |
| Salzburg, AT | 54 |
| Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institutelocation not on record | 54 |
| Oregon State Universitylocation not on record | 54 |
| University of Gdansklocation not on record | 53 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 52 |
| New Haven, US | 52 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 49 |
| Auckland, NZ | 47 |
| Edmonton, CA | 47 |
| Tallinn, EE | 47 |
| Cincinnati, US | 43 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 41 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 37 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 36 |
| San Jose, US | 35 |
| Oulu, FI | 34 |
| AADClocation not on record | 34 |
| Corvallis, US | 34 |
| Minia, EG | 34 |
| US | 33 |
| IPA/SPlocation not on record | 33 |
| St. Paul, US | 29 |
| Hiroshima Universitylocation not on record | 28 |
| Madrid, ES | 27 |
| Beijing, CN | 27 |
| 27 | |
| Toyama, JP | 27 |
| Elikins, US | 26 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 25 |
| Universidad de Oviedolocation not on record | 25 |
| KFGBlocation not on record | 24 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 22 |
| Moscow, US | 22 |
| Yugra State University Biological Collectionlocation not on record | 21 |
| Portland, US | 20 |
| Stockholm, SE | 19 |
| Durham, US | 19 |
| Kushiro City Museumlocation not on record | 18 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 18 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 17 |
| Barcelona, ES | 16 |
| Kunming, CN | 16 |
| National Museum of Natural Sciencelocation not on record | 16 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 16 |
| New Brunswick, US | 16 |
| Wlocation not on record | 15 |
| Turku, FI | 15 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 15 |
| Hudson, US | 14 |
| Paris, FR | 14 |
| QVMAGlocation not on record | 13 |
| International Salmonella Centre (W.H.O.)location not on record | 13 |
| Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record | 13 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 13 |
| Guizhou Agricultural Collegelocation not on record | 12 |
| College Park, US | 12 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 12 |
| Bando, JP | 11 |
| Brisbane, AU | 11 |
| Rovaniemi, FI | 11 |
| Blacksburg, US | 10 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 10 |
| Umeå Universitylocation not on record | 9 |
| Metsähallituslocation not on record | 9 |
| Parkville, AU | 9 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 9 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 8 |
| EL PASO, US | 8 |
| Odawara, JP | 8 |
| Toronto, CA | 8 |
| Missoula, US | 8 |
| Chiba, JP | 8 |
| Slovak National Museumlocation not on record | 7 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 7 |
| Lincoln, US | 7 |
| Albuquerque, US | 7 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 7 |
| Mexico City, MX | 7 |
| Porvoo, FI | 6 |
| Logan, US | 6 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 6 |
| Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record | 6 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 6 |
| Fort Hayslocation not on record | 5 |
| Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record | 5 |
| State Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukrainelocation not on record | 5 |
| Forssa, FI | 5 |
| DOI/FWS, Kenai National Wildlife Refugelocation not on record | 5 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 5 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 5 |
| nbflocation not on record | 4 |
| Armidale, AU | 4 |
| Göteborg, SE | 4 |
| European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)location not on record | 4 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 4 |
| WINlocation not on record | 4 |
| Blumenau, BR | 4 |
| Boise, US | 4 |
| US | 4 |
| UNISANTAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Kostrzyca Forest Gene Banklocation not on record | 4 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 4 |
| Millersville, US | 3 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 3 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 3 |
| Bourges, FR | 3 |
| NSW Dept of Planning, Industry and Environmentlocation not on record | 3 |
| Stockholm, SE | 3 |
| Columbia, US | 3 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 3 |
| Anchorage, US | 3 |
| Xiamen, CN | 3 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 3 |
| IAPlocation not on record | 3 |
| Davis, US | 3 |
| Brasília, BR | 3 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Fribourg, CH | 2 |
| University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Naturkundliche Sammlung Urilocation not on record | 2 |
| University of Salzburglocation not on record | 2 |
| Pittsburg, US | 2 |
| Northridge, US | 2 |
| Oswego, US | 2 |
| Canadian Museum of Nature, Natural Heritage Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| National Museums of Kenyalocation not on record | 2 |
| Victoria, CA | 2 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 2 |
| Clemson, US | 2 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Institute of the Industrial Ecology Problems of the North of Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.location not on record | 2 |
| LNBG$location not on record | 2 |
| Yukon Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Salvador, BR | 2 |
| University of Western Ontariolocation not on record | 2 |
| Durango, MX | 2 |
| Palmerston North, NZ | 2 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 2 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 2 |
| Civico Museo di Scienze naturali Giuseppe Orlandilocation not on record | 2 |
| University of British Columbia, Beaty Biodiversity Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Coimbra, PT | 1 |
| PClocation not on record | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 1 |
| Morgantown, US | 1 |
| Western Carolina Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Brasília, BR | 1 |
| Chicago, US | 1 |
| Fayetteville, US | 1 |
| Adelaide, AU | 1 |
| Tomioka, JP | 1 |
| UChlocation not on record | 1 |
| Henderson, US | 1 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mus�e des Confluenceslocation not on record | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Mlocation not on record | 1 |
| Durban, ZA | 1 |
| Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chilelocation not on record | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| Butler Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBNlocation not on record | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 1 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 1 |
| Jefferson City, US | 1 |
| AUAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFABClocation not on record | 1 |
| UFSClocation not on record | 1 |
| UNIVILLElocation not on record | 1 |
| Davenport, US | 1 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 1 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Sant Julià de Lòria, AD | 1 |
| ZRC-SAZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| Naturama Aargaulocation not on record | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 1 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Polytrichum commune was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.