Polygala comosa
Schkuhr · speciesAt a glance
Sources10 archives
Databases and archives Polygala comosa's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation8 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility45 517 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI9 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics17 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotypeEvery layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Polygala comosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygalaceae. It is endemic to most of Europe.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology12
Life cycle & reproduction15
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment11
Physiology & chemistry4
Other traits2
Compounds documented for Polygala comosa across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile1 class
Documented compounds1 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tenuifolin | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Polygala comosa has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Polygala comosa carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 3412×CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · fl-europaea · CCDB · poland +3
2n 282×CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · Cave1956
n 171×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type45 517 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions47 of 111 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 920 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 687 |
| Tartu, EE | 231 |
| LDlocation not on record | 184 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 169 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 163 |
| Uppsala, SE | 160 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 140 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 130 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 118 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 96 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 89 |
| Tallinn, EE | 78 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 70 |
| Salzburg, AT | 65 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 58 |
| Bern, CH | 47 |
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 46 |
| Berlin, DE | 38 |
| Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical Universitylocation not on record | 34 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 33 |
| LfUlocation not on record | 31 |
| Helsinki, FI | 30 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 26 |
| The State Museum-Preserve "The Kulikovo pole"location not on record | 25 |
| Wlocation not on record | 24 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 20 |
| Voronezh State Universitylocation not on record | 19 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 18 |
| Mlocation not on record | 18 |
| PRClocation not on record | 16 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 15 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 15 |
| Fulda, DE | 14 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 14 |
| Barcelona, ES | 13 |
| Görlitz, DE | 11 |
| PrivatHerblocation not on record | 11 |
| Tula State Universitylocation not on record | 10 |
| Bourges, FR | 10 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 9 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 9 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 9 |
| Philadelphia, US | 9 |
| Podgorica, ME | 9 |
| Lausanne, CH | 7 |
| Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reservelocation not on record | 7 |
| BClocation not on record | 7 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 6 |
| IB FRC Komi SC UB RASlocation not on record | 6 |
| Brussel, BE | 6 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 5 |
| The Tula Region State Institution of Culture "Tula Museum Association"location not on record | 4 |
| No collectionlocation not on record | 4 |
| Olocation not on record | 3 |
| Durham, US | 3 |
| Taipei, TW | 3 |
| Glarus, CH | 3 |
| Stockholm, SE | 3 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 3 |
| Uniwersytet Opolskilocation not on record | 3 |
| H-AkrKGlocation not on record | 3 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 3 |
| Zürich, CH | 3 |
| Dresden, DE | 3 |
| FLADlocation not on record | 2 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 2 |
| Turku, FI | 2 |
| Zürich, CH | 2 |
| Porvoo, FI | 2 |
| Sion, CH | 2 |
| Salvador, BR | 2 |
| BGBMlocation not on record | 2 |
| Paris, FR | 2 |
| Trondheim, NO | 2 |
| València, ES | 2 |
| UoB-IBlocation not on record | 2 |
| MHNAIXlocation not on record | 2 |
| CJBNlocation not on record | 2 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 2 |
| Finnish Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 2 |
| Ivano-Frankove, UA | 1 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| UNINE:NEUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 1 |
| Boumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Uniwersytet w Białymstokulocation not on record | 1 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 1 |
| Dhaka, BD | 1 |
| H-Dunkellocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 1 |
| Tilburg, NL | 1 |
| Coimbra, PT | 1 |
| Institute of the biological problems of the North FEB RASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Monastir, TN | 1 |
| UniKSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Dekalb, US | 1 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| Herb. BBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| IWEP FEB RASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 1 |
| Samara National Research Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Saint Louis, US | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Polygala comosa was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.