Plagiothecium undulatum
(Hedw.) Schimp. · speciesAt a glance
Sources9 archives
Databases and archives Plagiothecium undulatum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility46 809 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI17 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics37 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Plagiothecium undulatum (vernacular name: wavy-leaved cotton moss) is a species of moss belonging to the family Plagiotheciaceae. It has a cosmopolitan distribution.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Habitat & environment1
Physiology & chemistry1
Compounds documented for Plagiothecium undulatum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds51 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Hecogenin | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2R,4R,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,16S,18S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-16-ol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2R,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8S,9S,12S,13S,16S,18R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-10-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2R,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8S,9S,12S,13S,16S,18R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-10-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2R,4S,5'S,6R,7R,8S,9S,12R,13S,16S,18R)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-16-ol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,3'S,4R,5'S,6S,8S,9S,12R,13S,16S,18S)-3',5',9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-16-ol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,4R,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12R,13S,15R,16R,18S)-16-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-15-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-10-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,15R,16R,18S)-15,16-dihydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-10-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,16S,18R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-10-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13S,16S,18R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]oxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosane-6,2'-oxane]-10-one | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Plagiothecium undulatum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Plagiothecium undulatum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
n 114×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type46 809 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions46 of 97 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 398 |
| Trondheim, NO | 394 |
| Olocation not on record | 318 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 226 |
| LDlocation not on record | 217 |
| Uppsala, SE | 190 |
| Vancouver, CA | 185 |
| Corvallis, US | 140 |
| Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Researchlocation not on record | 118 |
| Knoxville, US | 116 |
| Brussel, BE | 91 |
| Tilburg, NL | 90 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 83 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 75 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 62 |
| Saint Louis, US | 53 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 53 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 52 |
| Zürich, CH | 38 |
| Stockholm, SE | 36 |
| Universidad de Oviedolocation not on record | 35 |
| PHlocation not on record | 34 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 32 |
| Victoria, CA | 30 |
| Turku, FI | 30 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 28 |
| Chicago, US | 28 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 21 |
| Göteborg, SE | 20 |
| MAlocation not on record | 19 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 16 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 16 |
| AADClocation not on record | 14 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 14 |
| CASlocation not on record | 13 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 12 |
| Salzburg, AT | 12 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 12 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 12 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 12 |
| New Haven, US | 11 |
| Tartu, EE | 10 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 10 |
| US | 10 |
| Cincinnati, US | 9 |
| Paris, FR | 8 |
| Helsinki, FI | 8 |
| Oulu, FI | 8 |
| Madrid, ES | 7 |
| CBDClocation not on record | 7 |
| Minia, EG | 7 |
| nbflocation not on record | 6 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| South Kensington, GB | 6 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 6 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 5 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 5 |
| Portland, US | 5 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 5 |
| MHN-UPlocation not on record | 4 |
| St. Paul, US | 4 |
| Philadelphia, US | 3 |
| Fribourg, CH | 3 |
| New Brunswick, US | 3 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 3 |
| Kuopio, FI | 3 |
| University of British Columbia, Herbariumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Naturkundliche Sammlung Urilocation not on record | 3 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 3 |
| Edmonton, CA | 2 |
| Barcelona, ES | 2 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Naturama Aargaulocation not on record | 2 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 2 |
| Guizhou Agricultural Collegelocation not on record | 2 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 2 |
| UBClocation not on record | 2 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
| Umeå Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institutelocation not on record | 1 |
| University of British Columbia, Beaty Biodiversity Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Oregon State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| State Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukrainelocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 1 |
| Porvoo, FI | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| Hudson, US | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 1 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBNlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fort Hayslocation not on record | 1 |
| Lincoln, US | 1 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Plagiothecium undulatum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.