Piper nigrum
speciesAt a glance
Sources17 archives
Databases and archives Piper nigrum's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 243 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI32 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics34 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
FooDBThe Metabolomics Innovation Centrecompounds↗
foodatlascompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Le Poivrier noir ou Poivre noir est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille des Pipéracées. C'est une liane originaire de la côte de Malabar. Cette plante est cultivée dans la zone tropicale pour ses baies qui donnent une épice recherchée : le poivre. Ce fruit est une drupe d'environ 5 mm de diamètre, de couleur rouge foncé, et contient un noyau renfermant une seule graine de poivre. Les grains de poivre et le poivre moulu qui en est issu peuvent être simplement appelés poivre, ou plus précisément poivre noir, poivre vert ou poivre blanc.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology4
Life cycle & reproduction3
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment10
Physiology & chemistry1
Compounds documented for Piper nigrum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds6 404 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| α-D-galactose | 38,500 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| Chavicine | 5,350 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| 17alpha-ethynylestradiol | 1,800 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| Nitrogen | 1,800 mg/100 g | FooDB | |
| Elaidic acid | 1,450.45 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| L-Proline | 1,413 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| L-Glutamic acid | 1,413 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| L-Aspartic acid | 1,413 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| (Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid | 1,397.5 mg/100g | FooDB | |
| Potassium | 1,339.75 mg/100g | FooDB |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Piper nigrum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Piper nigrum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 525×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · Cave1962
2n 483×CCDB · book-indian_vol1 · CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · Cave1959
2n 262×GoaT · Tree of Sex Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
2n 532×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · TreeOfSex · plant
2n 1042×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · kew
2n 541×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
2n 781×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
2n 1281×CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
n 264×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · Cave1958 · CCDB · Cave1962 +1
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Record type1 243 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions51 of 120 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Paris, FR | 61 |
| Saint Louis, US | 33 |
| Baroda, IN | 16 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 15 |
| Bronx, US | 12 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 8 |
| Durango, MX | 8 |
| Kew, GB | 7 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 7 |
| Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologialocation not on record | 6 |
| Kunming, CN | 6 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 6 |
| Beijing, CN | 6 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 5 |
| Guilin, CN | 5 |
| Chengdu, CN | 5 |
| Jataí / Setor Industrial, BR | 4 |
| Guangxi Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 4 |
| Chicago, US | 3 |
| Guiyang, CN | 3 |
| Wlocation not on record | 3 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 3 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| UEPAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 3 |
| ROM023location not on record | 3 |
| Denver, US | 3 |
| Santarém, BR | 3 |
| Coimbra, PT | 3 |
| Salvador, BR | 3 |
| Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldilocation not on record | 3 |
| National Herbarium of São Tomé and Principelocation not on record | 3 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 3 |
| Changsha, CN | 3 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 3 |
| Uberlândia, BR | 2 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 2 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 2 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 2 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 2 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 2 |
| Cibinong, ID | 2 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 2 |
| Nanjing, CN | 2 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 2 |
| UNEMATlocation not on record | 2 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Qarshi Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFVJMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pomona Collegelocation not on record | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| Cincinnati, US | 1 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| North Carolina Zoological Parklocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 1 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Glocation not on record | 1 |
| Maringá, BR | 1 |
| Chapingo, MX | 1 |
| Criciúma, BR | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| Gujarat Biodiversity Gene Banklocation not on record | 1 |
| 云南省思茅市民族传统医药研究所location not on record | 1 |
| Beijing Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 1 |
| Tianjin Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record | 1 |
| Université de Strasbourglocation not on record | 1 |
| Herbario Selva Central Oxapampa - estación biológica del Jardín Botánico de Missourilocation not on record | 1 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 1 |
| Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)location not on record | 1 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 1 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)location not on record | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Institut fur Allgemeine Mikrobiologielocation not on record | 1 |
| MAlocation not on record | 1 |
| INMAlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| ROM007location not on record | 1 |
| Minia, EG | 1 |
| Madrid, ES | 1 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 1 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 1 |
| San José, CR | 1 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 1 |
| HUENFlocation not on record | 1 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 1 |
| Boise, US | 1 |
| HAWlocation not on record | 1 |
| UEMAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 1 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 1 |
| LDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 1 |
| Cuiabá, BR | 1 |
| Brasília, BR | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| HUFDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| South Kensington, GB | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Hamburglocation not on record | 1 |
| Plocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Nariño (UdeNar)location not on record | 1 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Piper nigrum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.