Petiveria alliacea
speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Petiveria alliacea's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility5 741 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI13 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics27 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Petiveria is a genus of flowering plants in the pigeonberry family, Petiveriaceae. The sole species it contains, Petiveria alliacea, is native to Florida and the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas in the United States, Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and tropical South America. Introduced populations occur in Benin and Nigeria. It is a deeply rooted herbaceous perennial shrub growing up to 1 m in height and has small greenish piccate flowers. The roots and leaves have a strong acrid, garlic-like odor which taints the milk and meat of animals that graze on it.Johnson, L. 1999. Anamu: Petiveria Alliacea. 14 pages (paperback). Woodland Publishing. (In Spanish).
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology4
Life cycle & reproduction4
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment10
Physiology & chemistry1
Compounds documented for Petiveria alliacea across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds128 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-(r)-5-Hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7-methoxy-8-methylflavanone | present | LOTUS | |
| (+)-Onocerin | present | NPASS | |
| (-)-Lycopodine | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2R,10S,11R,13S,14R,15S)-15-methyl-6-azatetracyclo[8.6.0.01,6.02,13]hexadecane-11,14-diol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2R,10S,13R,14S,15R)-15-methyl-6-azatetracyclo[8.6.0.01,6.02,13]hexadecan-14-ol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2R,10S,13S,15S)-15-methyl-6-azatetracyclo[8.6.0.01,6.02,13]hexadecan-11-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,10R,11S,13S,15S)-11-hydroxy-15-methyl-6-azatetracyclo[8.6.0.01,6.02,13]hexadecan-14-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,4aR,6S,8aS)-1-[2-[(1S,4aR,6S,8aR)-6-hydroxy-5,5,8a-trimethyl-2-methylidene-3,4,4a,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-1-yl]ethyl]-5,5,8a-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalene-2,6-diol | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,9S,10R,16R)-16-methyl-6,14-diazatetracyclo[7.5.3.01,10.02,7]heptadeca-2(7),3-dien-5-one | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,9S,10R,16S)-16-methyl-6,14-diazatetracyclo[7.5.3.01,10.02,7]heptadec-2(7)-en-5-one | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Petiveria alliacea has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Petiveria alliacea carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 722×CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
2n 341×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
n 151×CCDB · iapt
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type5 741 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions111 of 263 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Saint Louis, US | 459 |
| Durango, MX | 356 |
| Mexico City, MX | 147 |
| Bronx, US | 146 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 94 |
| Mérida, MX | 57 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 55 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 55 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 46 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 46 |
| Miami, US | 46 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 45 |
| Tampa, US | 35 |
| San Isidro, AR | 33 |
| Austin, US | 32 |
| Riverside, US | 31 |
| Berlin, DE | 30 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 29 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 25 |
| Blumenau, BR | 25 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 23 |
| UNIVASFlocation not on record | 21 |
| Kew, GB | 21 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 19 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 19 |
| Centro de Estudios y Colecciones Biológicas para la Conservaciónlocation not on record | 19 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 19 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 18 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 18 |
| UEPAlocation not on record | 18 |
| Masindi, UG | 18 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 17 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 16 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 16 |
| Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologialocation not on record | 15 |
| Tapachula, MX | 15 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 14 |
| Paleontological Collectionlocation not on record | 14 |
| Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)location not on record | 14 |
| Durban, ZA | 14 |
| San José, CR | 13 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 13 |
| Corrientes, AR | 13 |
| Sociedad para el Estudio de los Recursos Bióticos de Oaxaca, A. C.location not on record | 12 |
| South Kensington, GB | 12 |
| Chapingo, MX | 12 |
| Salvador, BR | 12 |
| Mérida, MX | 12 |
| San Francisco de Campeche, MX | 12 |
| Cascavel, BR | 12 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 11 |
| León, NI | 11 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 11 |
| Universidad Nacional de Asunciónlocation not on record | 11 |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record | 10 |
| Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldilocation not on record | 10 |
| Austin, US | 10 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 10 |
| Uberlândia, BR | 10 |
| Jardín Botánico de Cartagena "Guillermo Piñeres" (JBC)location not on record | 9 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 9 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 9 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 9 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 9 |
| Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record | 9 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 9 |
| Culiacán, MX | 9 |
| Area de Conservacion Guanacastelocation not on record | 8 |
| Ilhéus, BR | 8 |
| Universidade Federal do Ceara, Departamento de Biologialocation not on record | 8 |
| Autlán de Navarro, MX | 8 |
| Maringá, BR | 8 |
| Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS)location not on record | 8 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 7 |
| La Paz, BO | 7 |
| Foz do Iguaçu, BR | 7 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 7 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 7 |
| Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirolocation not on record | 7 |
| Chicago, US | 7 |
| Xiamen, CN | 7 |
| LDlocation not on record | 7 |
| Universidad del Valle (UV)location not on record | 7 |
| Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó (UTCH)location not on record | 6 |
| Instituto para la Investigación y la Preservación del Patrimonio Cultural y Natural del Valle del Cauca - INCIVAlocation not on record | 6 |
| USP-IBlocation not on record | 6 |
| Aarhus, DK | 6 |
| UFOPlocation not on record | 6 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 5 |
| UFPIlocation not on record | 5 |
| UFABClocation not on record | 5 |
| Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária, IPAlocation not on record | 5 |
| CEPLAClocation not on record | 5 |
| Brasília, BR | 5 |
| Londrina, BR | 5 |
| Sucre, BO | 5 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 5 |
| BMlocation not on record | 5 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 5 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 5 |
| Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuarias do Tropico Umidolocation not on record | 5 |
| UFSClocation not on record | 5 |
| Castelar, AR | 5 |
| Fortaleza, BR | 5 |
| ESALQlocation not on record | 5 |
| INMAlocation not on record | 5 |
| UFERSAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record | 4 |
| UNEMATlocation not on record | 4 |
| Mexico City, MX | 4 |
| Santiago de Cali, CO | 4 |
| Córdoba, AR | 4 |
| Calabar, NG | 4 |
| Institut fur Allgemeine Mikrobiologielocation not on record | 4 |
| CPATSAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Universidade Federal de Santa Catarinalocation not on record | 4 |
| Criciúma, BR | 4 |
| MAlocation not on record | 4 |
| Instituto de Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipaslocation not on record | 4 |
| UTFPR-DVlocation not on record | 4 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 4 |
| Mazatlán, MX | 4 |
| Durham, US | 4 |
| Burlington, US | 3 |
| UTFPR-SLlocation not on record | 3 |
| UFVJMlocation not on record | 3 |
| EL PASO, US | 3 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 3 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 3 |
| UNICAMPlocation not on record | 3 |
| Juriquilla, MX | 3 |
| Bangkok, TH | 3 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 3 |
| Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record | 3 |
| Barcelona, ES | 3 |
| CMULlocation not on record | 3 |
| Glocation not on record | 3 |
| Federal University of Espírito Santolocation not on record | 3 |
| Brasília, BR | 3 |
| Sangmiung Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| FUVATESlocation not on record | 3 |
| Cochabamba, BO | 3 |
| Santarém, BR | 3 |
| UFESlocation not on record | 3 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 3 |
| San Francisco, US | 3 |
| Mexico City, MX | 3 |
| Corporación Universitaria Santa Rosa de Cabal (UNISARC)location not on record | 3 |
| Guatemala, GT | 3 |
| Bogotá, D.C., CO | 3 |
| Fundación Desarrollo y Ambiente FUNDAlocation not on record | 3 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 3 |
| Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chilelocation not on record | 3 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 3 |
| Universidade Federal do Espírito Santolocation not on record | 3 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Guasave, MX | 3 |
| Beijing, CN | 2 |
| NO DISPONIBLElocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (UDistrital)location not on record | 2 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 2 |
| Loja, EC | 2 |
| LSF/FSA/UAClocation not on record | 2 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 2 |
| IAPlocation not on record | 2 |
| Corporación Autónoma Regional Para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB)location not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC)location not on record | 2 |
| IECOSlocation not on record | 2 |
| Cruz das Almas, BR | 2 |
| Stockholm, SE | 2 |
| UFRRJlocation not on record | 2 |
| Herbario Selva Central Oxapampa - estación biológica del Jardín Botánico de Missourilocation not on record | 2 |
| Giardini Botanici Hanburylocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Nacional Agrarialocation not on record | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus do Pantanallocation not on record | 2 |
| Madison, US | 2 |
| HUAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Seropédica, BR | 2 |
| UNESP-ISlocation not on record | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 2 |
| Hermosillo, MX | 2 |
| Montréal, CA | 2 |
| Tlalnepantla, MX | 2 |
| UNESP-RClocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad del Tolima (UT)location not on record | 2 |
| UNITINSlocation not on record | 2 |
| UEMAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Católica de Oriente (UCO)location not on record | 2 |
| Madrid, ES | 1 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 1 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 1 |
| GB | 1 |
| Universidad de La Salle (La Salle)location not on record | 1 |
| Jardín Botánico José Celestino Mutis (JBBJCM)location not on record | 1 |
| OTSlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 1 |
| Universidad de Córdoba (UC)location not on record | 1 |
| UTPLlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Surcolombiana (USCO)location not on record | 1 |
| Collections de la Faculte des Sciences de Lyonlocation not on record | 1 |
| Gutierrez,J. & Carretero, A.C."location not on record | 1 |
| UESBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahialocation not on record | 1 |
| Universiti Sains Malaysialocation not on record | 1 |
| Phoenix, US | 1 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| Taipei, TW | 1 |
| LGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvadorlocation not on record | 1 |
| Knox Collegelocation not on record | 1 |
| COLlocation not on record | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| HUT Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Guayaquillocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut de Biologia Evolutiva, (CSIC-UPF)location not on record | 1 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tall Timbers Research Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| Universidad de El Salvadorlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Herbarium of São Tomé and Principelocation not on record | 1 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 1 |
| Lima, PE | 1 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 1 |
| Station d'Ecologie de Lamtolocation not on record | 1 |
| Salamanca, ES | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Université de Bordeauxlocation not on record | 1 |
| Lake Charles, US | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| PUC-RIOlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Goiáslocation not on record | 1 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 1 |
| CASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| IPA/SPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 1 |
| Montpellier, FR | 1 |
| Coimbra, PT | 1 |
| Cusco, PE | 1 |
| Iquitos, PE | 1 |
| Minister of Sustainable Development, Climate Change & Solid Waste Managementlocation not on record | 1 |
| Porto Velho, BR | 1 |
| Mississippi State, US | 1 |
| Pelotas, BR | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| Fort Worth, US | 1 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de los Andes (UniAndes)location not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Pamplona (UPamplona)location not on record | 1 |
| Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, AR | 1 |
| FAVElocation not on record | 1 |
| Tempe, US | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Misiones- CONICETlocation not on record | 1 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Petiveria alliacea was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.