Petasites hybridus
(L.) G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb. · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Petasites hybridus's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation2 languages↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility161 090 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI13 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics23 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Petasites hybridus, the butterbur, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe and northern Asia. Although used over centuries in traditional medicine to treat various disorders, there are no approved medical uses, but it is sold as a dietary supplement. Concerns about the potential toxic effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in butterbur limit its use in human and animal studies.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology10
Life cycle & reproduction13
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment9
Physiology & chemistry4
Other traits2
Compounds documented for Petasites hybridus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds175 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| INULIN | 35,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| PECTIN | 18,500 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| PETASIN | 15,300 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| ISOPETASIN | 1,500 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| BAUERENOL | 1,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| EO | 1,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| FUKINANOLIDE | 330 ppm | DukesPhytochem |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Petasites hybridus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Petasites hybridus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 6031×GoaT · DTOL Flowering Plants Estimates Kew · GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ita-fl +14
n 02×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Record type161 090 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions53 of 109 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 1 326 |
| LDlocation not on record | 423 |
| Salzburg, AT | 180 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 88 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 78 |
| Görlitz, DE | 76 |
| Olocation not on record | 65 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 63 |
| Trondheim, NO | 62 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 48 |
| South Kensington, GB | 46 |
| KMNlocation not on record | 45 |
| Oulu, FI | 44 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 43 |
| Tartu, EE | 40 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 39 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 36 |
| Bergen, NO | 26 |
| Turku, FI | 26 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 24 |
| Bern, CH | 22 |
| Berlin, DE | 17 |
| TROMlocation not on record | 15 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 14 |
| Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowielocation not on record | 14 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 14 |
| Tallinn, EE | 14 |
| Mlocation not on record | 13 |
| Zürich, CH | 12 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 12 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 12 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 11 |
| Wlocation not on record | 11 |
| Zürich, CH | 10 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 10 |
| Jyväskylä, FI | 10 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 10 |
| TUR-Alocation not on record | 9 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 9 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 8 |
| Frauenfeld, CH | 8 |
| Uppsala, SE | 7 |
| Philadelphia, US | 7 |
| Kuopio, FI | 7 |
| Madison, US | 6 |
| Tilburg, NL | 6 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 6 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 6 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 6 |
| PRClocation not on record | 5 |
| Dresden, DE | 5 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 5 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 5 |
| Garðabær, IS | 4 |
| Helsinki, FI | 4 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 4 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 4 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 4 |
| Fulda, DE | 4 |
| Forssa, FI | 4 |
| Green Bay, US | 4 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 3 |
| Bloomington, US | 3 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 3 |
| Bourges, FR | 3 |
| Vancouver, CA | 3 |
| Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocagelocation not on record | 3 |
| Paris, FR | 3 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 3 |
| Instytut Ochrony Przyrody Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 3 |
| MAlocation not on record | 3 |
| PrivatHerblocation not on record | 2 |
| Stockholm, SE | 2 |
| Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record | 2 |
| St. Paul, US | 2 |
| Muséum Henri Lecoqlocation not on record | 2 |
| NMBU:MINAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Glarus, CH | 2 |
| Kew, GB | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 2 |
| Xiamen, CN | 2 |
| nbflocation not on record | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiejlocation not on record | 2 |
| Pullman, US | 2 |
| National Botanic Garden of Waleslocation not on record | 1 |
| BClocation not on record | 1 |
| Saint Louis, US | 1 |
| Allentown, US | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Herb. BBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| New Haven, US | 1 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 1 |
| BioFokuslocation not on record | 1 |
| Flagstaff, US | 1 |
| Tromso University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| NMWlocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanical Gardenslocation not on record | 1 |
| Boumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bangkok, TH | 1 |
| Porvoo, FI | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Garden Edinburghlocation not on record | 1 |
| FLADlocation not on record | 1 |
| München, DE | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 1 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 1 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Petasites hybridus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.