⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 0.61 m · USDA: 0.686 m · TRY: 0.61 m
Seed mass0.924 mg
Life cycle & reproduction24
After harvest regrowth rateSlow
Bloom periodLate Spring
Coppice potentialNo
Flower colourpurple
Flower conspicuousNo
Fruit seed period beginSpring
Fruit seed period endSummer
Growth rate USDAModerate
Life formperennial
Life spanperennial
Lifespan categoryLong
Propagated by bare rootNo
Propagated by bulbNo
Propagated by containerNo
Propagated by cormNo
Propagated by cuttingsNo
Propagated by seedYes
Propagated by sodNo
Propagated by sprigsNo
Propagated by tubersNo
Resprout abilityNo
Seed spread rateModerate
Seedling vigorHigh
Vegetative spread rateModerate
Diet & foraging1
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment24
Active growth periodSpring and Summer
Adapted to coarse textured soilsYes
Adapted to fine textured soilsNo
Adapted to medium textured soilsNo
Aquaticterrestrial
BloatNone
Climatetemperate
Climberself-supporting
Epiphyteterrestrial
Foliage colorGreen
Foliage porosity summerModerate
Foliage porosity winterPorous
Foliage textureCoarse
Fruit colourbrown
Growth formherb
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: herb · TRY: Forb
Growth form USDABunch
Hedge toleranceNone
Known allelopathNo
Leaf retentionNo
Low growing grassNo
Root depth min12 in
Shape and orientationErect
Small grainNo
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry21
Anaerobic toleranceNone
C:N ratioMedium
Caco3 toleranceLow
Cold stratification requiredNo
Drought toleranceMedium
Fertility requirementLow
Fire resistantNo
Fire toleranceLow
Frost free days min120 days
Moisture useLow
Nitrogen fixation levelNone
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Precipitation max25 in
Precipitation min14 in
Protein potentialLow
Salinity toleranceNone
Shade toleranceHigh
Soil pH max7.75 pH
Soil pH min6 pH
Specific leaf area (SLA)7.67 mm²/mg
Temperature min-33 °F
Uses & economy15
Berry nut seed productNo
Christmas tree productNo
Commercial availabilityRoutinely Available
Fodder productNo
Lumber productNo
Naval store productNo
Nursery stock productNo
Palatable browse animalMedium
Palatable graze animalLow
Palatable humanNo
Post productNo
Pulpwood productNo
Seeds per pound387 944 per lb
ToxicityNone
Veneer productNo
Other traits6
Fall conspicuousNo
Fruit seed abundanceMedium
Fruit seed conspicuousNo
Fruit seed persistenceNo
Planting density max19 000 per acre
Planting density min2 700 per acre
03Chemical composition8 compounds
Compounds documented for Penstemon strictus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Penstemon strictus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
Marker genes1
GenBank sequences2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★ITS2
fungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manualPenstemon strictus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size801 960 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Penstemon strictus0.80 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy89% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 663≤1 km 269≤10 km 133>10 km 109
2 174 georeferenced · 477 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor2 651
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy54% within 1 km
≤100 m 141≤1 km 221≤10 km 259>10 km 44
665 georeferenced · 605 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 270
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions39 of 58 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record
194
Albuquerque, US
134
Bronx, US
133
Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record
111
Provo, US
109
Wuzhou, CN
102
Denver, US
68
Flagstaff, US
67
Logan, US
40
WTUlocation not on record
34
Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratorylocation not on record
23
Durango, US
21
Riverside, US
21
Grand Junction, US
16
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
15
Phoenix, US
15
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
15
ASUlocation not on record
12
EL PASO, US
10
Orem, US
9
Pullman, US
9
Claremont, US
9
Boise, US
7
Moscow, US
7
Chadron, US
7
Bandelier National Monumentlocation not on record
6
Pittsburg, US
6
Bangkok, TH
5
US
5
Northridge, US
4
Pocatello, US
4
Weber State Universitylocation not on record
4
San Luis Obispo, US
4
SEINetlocation not on record
3
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
3
Saint Louis, US
3
Bloomington, US
3
Davis, US
2
Missoula, US
2
USFSlocation not on record
2
Chapingo, MX
2
Pomona Collegelocation not on record
2
Lincoln, US
1
Durango, MX
1
Henderson, US
1
AUAlocation not on record
1
Fargo, US
1
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
1
GB
1
Mexico City, MX
1
Santa Barbara, US
1
Angwin, US
1
Millersville, US
1
Austin, US
1
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
1
New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Sciencelocation not on record
1
CASlocation not on record
1
LDlocation not on record
1
58 institutions · 1 264 of 1 270 vouchered records shown · 6 without an institution code
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation2 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility3 921 records↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗