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NarrativeWikipediaarticle
Traits & measurements4 literature sources94 traits
Chemical compositionLOTUS2 compounds
Occurrence & distributionGBIF2 861 records
DNA & barcodingNCBIsequences
Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI≈626 Mbp
01Narrative
Penstemon eatonii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Penstemon, known by the common names Eaton's penstemon and firecracker penstemon. It is native to the Western United States from Southern California to the Rocky Mountains. It grows in many types of desert, woodland, forest, and open plateau habitat.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 1.2 m · USDA: 0.991 m · TRY: 0.71 m
Seed mass1.97 mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 1.97 mg · GIFT: 1.09 mg
Seed mass max1.97 mg
Seed mass min1.37 mg
Life cycle & reproduction25
After harvest regrowth rateRapid
Bloom periodEarly Spring
Coppice potentialNo
Flower colourred
Flower conspicuousYes
Fruit seed period beginSpring
Fruit seed period endFall
Growth rate USDARapid
Life formperennial
Life spanperennial
Lifespan categoryLong
Lifespan years6 years
Propagated by bare rootNo
Propagated by bulbNo
Propagated by containerNo
Propagated by cormNo
Propagated by cuttingsNo
Propagated by seedYes
Propagated by sodNo
Propagated by sprigsNo
Propagated by tubersNo
Resprout abilityNo
Seed spread rateModerate
Seedling vigorHigh
Vegetative spread rateNone
Diet & foraging1
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment24
Active growth periodSpring and Summer
Adapted to coarse textured soilsYes
Adapted to fine textured soilsNo
Adapted to medium textured soilsYes
Aquaticterrestrial
BloatNone
Climatetemperate
Climberself-supporting
Epiphyteterrestrial
Foliage colorGreen
Foliage porosity summerModerate
Foliage porosity winterPorous
Foliage textureMedium
Fruit colourbrown
Growth formherb
Growth form USDASingle Crown
Hedge toleranceNone
Known allelopathNo
Leaf retentionNo
Low growing grassNo
Root depth min9 in
Shape and orientationErect
Small grainNo
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry19
Anaerobic toleranceNone
C:N ratioMedium
Caco3 toleranceHigh
Cold stratification requiredNo
Drought toleranceHigh
Fertility requirementLow
Fire resistantNo
Fire toleranceMedium
Frost free days min142 days
Moisture useLow
Nitrogen fixation levelNone
Precipitation max18 in
Precipitation min9 in
Protein potentialMedium
Salinity toleranceNone
Shade toleranceHigh
Soil pH max8.1 pH
Soil pH min6.75 pH
Temperature min-25.5 °F
Uses & economy15
Berry nut seed productNo
Christmas tree productNo
Commercial availabilityContracting Only
Fodder productNo
Lumber productNo
Naval store productNo
Nursery stock productNo
Palatable browse animalHigh
Palatable graze animalHigh
Palatable humanNo
Post productNo
Pulpwood productNo
Seeds per pound650 000 per lb
ToxicityNone
Veneer productNo
Other traits6
Fall conspicuousNo
Fruit seed abundanceHigh
Fruit seed conspicuousNo
Fruit seed persistenceNo
Planting density max2 700 per acre
Planting density min1 700 per acre
03Chemical composition2 compounds
Compounds documented for Penstemon eatonii across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile1 class
Anthocyanidins2
Documented compounds2 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside
present
LOTUS
05DNA & barcoding1 sequences
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Penstemon eatonii has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
Marker genes1
GenBank sequences1
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★ITS1
fungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualPenstemon eatonii carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size≈626 186 266 bp assembly estimate
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Penstemon eatonii0.63 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 162×CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · kew
CCDB · book-fedorov — Nisbet, Jackson 1960
CCDB · kew — Broderick SR, Stevens MR, Geary B, Love SL, Jellen EN, Dockter RB, Daley SL, Lindgren DT. 2011. A survey of Penstemon's genome size. Genome 54: 160-173.
n 82×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Schaack, C. G. 1987. Chromosome Number Reports 95. Taxon 36: 497.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Parfitt, B. D., D. J. Pinkava, D. Rickel, D. Fillipi, B. Eggers & D. J. Keil. 1990. Documented chromosome numbers 1990: 1. Miscellaneous North American vascular plants. Sida 14: 305–308.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelChromosome
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type2 861 records
Wild obs. + sensor2 454
Museum / vouchered407
Origin
Native24
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO5 464 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy88% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 517≤1 km 201≤10 km 128>10 km 98
1 944 georeferenced · 510 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor2 454
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy56% within 1 km
≤100 m 20≤1 km 102≤10 km 87>10 km 8
217 georeferenced · 190 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence407
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions41 of 59 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record
43
Riverside, US
42
Claremont, US
31
Phoenix, US
26
ASUlocation not on record
20
Flagstaff, US
18
Logan, US
17
Moscow, US
13
Durango, US
12
Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record
11
EL PASO, US
10
WTUlocation not on record
10
Santa Barbara, US
10
Boise, US
10
Bronx, US
9
Weber State Universitylocation not on record
9
Denver, US
9
Bangkok, TH
8
Los Angeles, US
6
Henderson, US
6
US
5
Angwin, US
4
Eastern Nevada Landscape Coalitionlocation not on record
4
Provo, US
4
Grand Junction, US
3
Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record
3
San Angelo, US
3
Bureau of Land Managementlocation not on record
3
San Diego, US
3
San Bernardino, US
3
Northridge, US
3
Albuquerque, US
3
BAYLUlocation not on record
2
Corvallis, US
2
Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratorylocation not on record
2
Mexico City, MX
2
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
2
Bloomington, US
2
Chadron, US
2
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
2
Davis, US
2
Philadelphia, US
2
Madison, US
2
Orem, US
2
SEINetlocation not on record
1
New Haven, US
1
DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record
1
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
1
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
1
Pomona Collegelocation not on record
1
Portland, US
1
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
1
Mississippi State, US
1
Arcata, US
1
Wuzhou, CN
1
Tacoma, US
1
Columbia, US
1
Pocatello, US
1
San Luis Obispo, US
1
59 institutions · 400 of 407 vouchered records shown · 7 without an institution code
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation1 languages↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 861 records↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗