Penstemon confusus

M.E.Jones · species

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Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Plantaginaceae/Penstemon

At a glance

Occurrence records668

Data sources8

Biological traits9

DNA specimens0

eDNA detections0

Sources8 archives

Databases and archives Penstemon confusus's data was compiled from.

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility668 records↗

NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗

LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗

GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗

Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗

CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗

PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype

On this page5 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

Traits & measurements3 literature sources9 traits

Chemical compositionLOTUS3 compounds

Occurrence & distributionGBIF668 records

DNA & barcodingNCBIsequences

Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT778 Mbp

02Traits & measurements

SourcesWCVPGIFTTRY

Life cycle & reproduction2

Life formperennial

Life spanperennial

Diet & foraging1

Parasiteindependent

Habitat & environment6

Aquaticterrestrial

Climatetemperate

Climberself-supporting

Epiphyteterrestrial

Growth formherb

Woodinessnon-woody

03Chemical composition3 compounds

Compounds documented for Penstemon confusus across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").

Compound class profile1 class

Anthocyanidins3

Documented compounds3 total

Tissue Source Quantified only

Compound	Class	Amount	Source
cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside		present	LOTUS
Delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside		present	LOTUS

05DNA & barcoding1 sequences

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Penstemon confusus has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

Marker genes1

GenBank sequences1

The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species

ITSDQ531075.1 ↗603 bp

ACGT

TCGAAACCTCCAAAGCAGACCCGCGAACACGTGTTTAAACATCGAGGGGTCGAGGCGCGAGGGTCGCAAGTCCCCCGTGCCGACGCCCCT …

Penstemon confusus internal transcribed spacer 1, partial sequence; 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence; and internal transcribed spacer 2, partial sequence

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★ITS1

fungal barcode

06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT

The complete instruction manual Penstemon confusus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Genome size777 510 000 bp

Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).

BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb

FUNGUS0.04 Gb

INSECT0.25 Gb

THIS GENOME Penstemon confusus0.78 Gb

HUMAN3.2 Gb

WHEAT17 Gb

FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.

Chromosomes2n = 16 n = 8

Ploidy2× diploid · measured

Chromosome records16–162n range16median16mode2records

Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references

2n 162×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · kew

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗

CCDB · kew — Broderick SR, Stevens MR, Geary B, Love SL, Jellen EN, Dockter RB, Daley SL, Lindgren DT. 2011. A survey of Penstemon's genome size. Genome 54: 160-173.

Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources

diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale

PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=1.000 ↗

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type668 records

Wild obs. + sensor215

Museum / vouchered453

Origin

Native1

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO1 696 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy91% within 1 km

≤100 m 134≤1 km 10≤10 km 5>10 km 10

159 georeferenced · 56 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor215

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy59% within 1 km

≤100 m 23≤1 km 32≤10 km 36>10 km 3

94 georeferenced · 359 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence453

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions24 of 33 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
Provo, US	126
Bronx, US	114
Flagstaff, US	31
Logan, US	29
Wuzhou, CN	20
Eastern Nevada Landscape Coalitionlocation not on record	20
Riverside, US	20
Boise, US	13
Claremont, US	9
Bureau of Land Managementlocation not on record	8
WTUlocation not on record	6
ASUlocation not on record	5
Henderson, US	5
Pullman, US	5
Pocatello, US	4
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record	4
Saint Louis, US	4
Orem, US	4
Phoenix, US	3
San Luis Obispo, US	3
US	2
Weber State Universitylocation not on record	2
Denver, US	2
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record	2
CASlocation not on record	2
Lincoln, US	1
Northridge, US	1
Caldwell, US	1
SEINetlocation not on record	1
Chadron, US	1
Davis, US	1
Kew, GB	1
Moscow, US	1

33 institutions · 451 of 453 vouchered records shown · 2 without an institution code

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