Pedicularis groenlandica
Retz. · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Pedicularis groenlandica's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility9 624 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI10 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics18 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Pedicularis groenlandica is a showy flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae which is known by the common names elephant's head, elephanthead lousewort and butterfly tongue. This erect plant can grow to a height of 80 cm. Its sharply-toothed fernlike leaves are located low on the stout stem. The stem is topped with a large inflorescence of bright pink to purple or white flowers. Each flower has a long, pointed beak which curves upward, superficially resembling the trunk of an elephant, and the lateral lobes of the flower resemble an elephant's ears. Flowers bloom June to August. Like other louseworts and related broomrape genera, this is a root parasite which obtains nutrients from the roots of other plants by piercing them with haustoria. This plant is found in the high mountain ranges of western North America, particularly the Cascades and High Sierra, much of Canada and Greenland. It grows in moist mountain meadows.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology5
Life cycle & reproduction25
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment25
Physiology & chemistry20
Uses & economy15
Other traits4
Compounds documented for Pedicularis groenlandica across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile1 class
Documented compounds3 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aucubin | present | LOTUS | |
| Euphroside | present | LOTUS | |
| Mussaenoside | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Pedicularis groenlandica has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Pedicularis groenlandica carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1614×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · iapt
n 82×CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · Cave1959
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type9 624 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions85 of 129 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Moscow, US | 191 |
| Bronx, US | 173 |
| Pullman, US | 157 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 155 |
| Corvallis, US | 116 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 114 |
| Denver, US | 104 |
| Musee des Dinosaures d'Esperaza (Aude)location not on record | 82 |
| Boise, US | 79 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 79 |
| Missoula, US | 77 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 70 |
| Québec, CA | 68 |
| Albuquerque, US | 54 |
| DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record | 46 |
| Claremont, US | 40 |
| Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratorylocation not on record | 38 |
| Logan, US | 34 |
| Durango, US | 32 |
| Toronto, CA | 32 |
| Université Lavallocation not on record | 31 |
| Riverside, US | 31 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 28 |
| Pocatello, US | 28 |
| Bozeman, US | 27 |
| Davis, US | 27 |
| Flagstaff, US | 25 |
| DOI/NPS, Mount Rainier National Parklocation not on record | 24 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 22 |
| Vancouver, CA | 18 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 16 |
| Caldwell, US | 16 |
| Orem, US | 13 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 12 |
| Montréal, CA | 12 |
| Angwin, US | 12 |
| Arcata, US | 11 |
| Truckee, US | 11 |
| Victoria, CA | 11 |
| Montréal, CA | 10 |
| Chadron, US | 10 |
| Provo, US | 10 |
| Saint Louis, US | 9 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 9 |
| Grand Junction, US | 8 |
| San Diego, US | 8 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 8 |
| San Angelo, US | 7 |
| US | 7 |
| Trois-Rivières, CA | 7 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 7 |
| Portland, US | 7 |
| Fredericton Stock Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 7 |
| University of Lethbridgelocation not on record | 7 |
| Tacoma, US | 6 |
| Whitehorse, CA | 6 |
| Bangkok, TH | 6 |
| Weber State Universitylocation not on record | 5 |
| Long Beach, US | 5 |
| Uppsala, SE | 5 |
| Phoenix, US | 5 |
| Spearfish, US | 5 |
| AUAlocation not on record | 5 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 5 |
| Memorial University of Newfoundlandlocation not on record | 4 |
| Pittsburg, US | 4 |
| Dekalb, US | 4 |
| Northridge, US | 4 |
| Bloomington, US | 4 |
| Portland, US | 4 |
| San Francisco, US | 4 |
| Henderson, US | 4 |
| Ashland, US | 4 |
| EL PASO, US | 4 |
| Eastern Nevada Landscape Coalitionlocation not on record | 3 |
| Bend, US | 3 |
| Los Angeles, US | 3 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 3 |
| St. Paul, US | 3 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Millersville, US | 3 |
| Columbia, US | 2 |
| Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| Burlington, US | 2 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 2 |
| Churchill Northern Studies Centrelocation not on record | 2 |
| Cheney, US | 2 |
| Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Officelocation not on record | 2 |
| Davenport, US | 2 |
| Acadia Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Philadelphia, US | 2 |
| CASlocation not on record | 2 |
| US | 2 |
| Johnson City, US | 1 |
| WINlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tempe, US | 1 |
| Fargo, US | 1 |
| Bogotá, D.C., CO | 1 |
| GB | 1 |
| Royal Alberta Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| USFSlocation not on record | 1 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| Austin, US | 1 |
| Irvine, US | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Calvin Collegelocation not on record | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 1 |
| Jurica-Suchy Nature Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| PHlocation not on record | 1 |
| SEFlocation not on record | 1 |
| PRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Chicago, US | 1 |
| Saint John, CA | 1 |
| Yellowstone National Park Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Yukon Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Sciencelocation not on record | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Research Collection of Jonathan Farrlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Jose, US | 1 |
| Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Cslocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Pedicularis groenlandica was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.