Parietaria officinalis
speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Parietaria officinalis's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation12 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility19 266 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI5 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics7 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Parietaria officinalis, the eastern pellitory-of-the-wall, also known as upright pellitory and lichwort, is a plant of the nettle family. Its leaves, however, are non-stinging. The plant grows on rubbish and on walls, hence the name. The pollen is a cause of allergy.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology9
Life cycle & reproduction14
Diet & foraging2
Habitat & environment9
Physiology & chemistry6
Other traits1
Compounds documented for Parietaria officinalis across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile2 classes
Documented compounds10 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-[(R)-carboxy-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxymethoxy]pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| 3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| Astragalin | present | LOTUS | |
| Kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside-beta-D-glucosyl | present | LOTUS | |
| kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside | present | LOTUS | |
| Phaselic acid, (-)- | present | LOTUS | |
| Pyrrole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| quercetin 3-O-sophoroside | present | LOTUS | |
| Quercetin 3-rutinoside | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Parietaria officinalis has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Parietaria officinalis carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1412×CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · nw-europe-fl · CCDB · poland +4
2n 169×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 +1
2n 203×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
2n 261×CCDB · book-ipcn73-74
n 103×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
n 71×CCDB · book-ipcn67-71
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type19 266 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions46 of 111 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 285 |
| LDlocation not on record | 139 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 121 |
| Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswaldlocation not on record | 77 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 47 |
| Berlin, DE | 43 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 39 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 37 |
| Görlitz, DE | 36 |
| Zürich, CH | 35 |
| Uppsala, SE | 35 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 32 |
| Zürich, CH | 32 |
| BFLlocation not on record | 28 |
| Salzburg, AT | 28 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 26 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 26 |
| BClocation not on record | 21 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 19 |
| Bern, CH | 18 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 16 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 16 |
| Wlocation not on record | 15 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 15 |
| Mlocation not on record | 15 |
| Naturhistorische Gesellschaft Nürnberg e.V.location not on record | 13 |
| PRClocation not on record | 12 |
| South Kensington, GB | 11 |
| Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record | 10 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 10 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 8 |
| Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaftlocation not on record | 8 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 8 |
| Barcelona, ES | 8 |
| Salamanca, ES | 7 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 7 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 6 |
| Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record | 6 |
| MAlocation not on record | 6 |
| Universität Erlangen-Nürnberglocation not on record | 6 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 5 |
| Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsinlocation not on record | 5 |
| Bourges, FR | 5 |
| Brussel, BE | 5 |
| Uniwersytet Warszawskilocation not on record | 5 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 4 |
| Tampere, FI | 4 |
| Tilburg, NL | 4 |
| IFR-DNFlocation not on record | 4 |
| UBT-Kaullocation not on record | 3 |
| Wellington, NZ | 3 |
| UGentlocation not on record | 3 |
| Dresden, DE | 3 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 3 |
| University of Bayreuthlocation not on record | 3 |
| Nijmegen, NL | 3 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 3 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 3 |
| Auckland, NZ | 3 |
| Boumlocation not on record | 2 |
| BGBMlocation not on record | 2 |
| Tartu, EE | 2 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 2 |
| Olocation not on record | 2 |
| Hobart, AU | 2 |
| BSBIlocation not on record | 2 |
| Museo civico di Ecologia e Storia naturale di Marano sul Panarolocation not on record | 2 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 2 |
| Podgorica, ME | 2 |
| Kew, GB | 2 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Dekalb, US | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 2 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| IPA/SPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 1 |
| Namur, BE | 1 |
| Federal University of Espírito Santolocation not on record | 1 |
| Criciúma, BR | 1 |
| Turku, FI | 1 |
| ER-NBYlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pamplona, ES | 1 |
| H-Meierottlocation not on record | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| Tulane Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| EEZA-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| València, ES | 1 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 1 |
| Badajoz, ES | 1 |
| UFESlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 1 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 1 |
| Sede di Via Giorgio La Pira del Museo di Storia naturale di Firenze | Via Giorgio La Pira headquarter of the Natural History Museum in Florencelocation not on record | 1 |
| Lausanne, CH | 1 |
| Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirolocation not on record | 1 |
| Bronx, US | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 1 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 1 |
| Ilhéus, BR | 1 |
| Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chilelocation not on record | 1 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| UFOPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 1 |
| Fulda, DE | 1 |
| Trondheim, NO | 1 |
| Glarus, CH | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Parietaria officinalis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.