Panax trifolius, commonly called dwarf ginseng, is plant native to the Northeastern and Appalachian regions of North America. It is found in low mesic woods with acidic soils.Illinois Wildflowers It produces an umbel of white flowers in late spring. This species was used for traditional medicine by Native Americans.U.S. Forest Service Its tubers can be eaten raw or boiled.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Compounds documented for Panax trifolius across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile3 classes
Dammarane and Protostane triterpenoids5
Flavonols1
Oleanane triterpenoids1
Documented compounds7 total
Compound
Class
Amount
Source
20-Glucoginsenoside Rf
present
LOTUS
Ginsenoside Rc
present
LOTUS
Ginsenoside Rd
present
LOTUS
Ginsenoside Re
present
LOTUS
Ginsenoside Rf
present
LOTUS
Ginsenoside Ro
present
LOTUS
Kaempferitrin
present
LOTUS
05DNA & barcoding19 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Panax trifolius has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens19
Marker genes6
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections21
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Panax trifolius voucher JAG 0540 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 2, partial sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK1★rbcL5★rbcLa★ITS4★ITS2trnH-psbA
plant barcodefungal barcodemarker
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualPanax trifolius carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 24 n = 12
Ploidydiploid inferred
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
n 121×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Hu, S. Y., L. Rudenberg & P. D. Tredici. 1980. Studies of American ginsengs. Rhodora 82: 627–636.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin6.01 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type12 825 records
Wild obs. + sensor11 143
Museum / vouchered1 682
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO25 540 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy74% within 1 km
≤100 m 4 942≤1 km 1 023≤10 km 460>10 km 1 650
8 075 georeferenced · 3 068 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor11 143
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy29% within 1 km
≤100 m 42≤1 km 263≤10 km 663>10 km 84
1 052 georeferenced · 630 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 682
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions54 of 78 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
253
Philadelphia, US
198
Bronx, US
126
Madison, US
122
Québec, CA
72
Ann Arbor, US
67
College Park, US
63
University of New Hampshirelocation not on record
62
Green Bay, US
59
New Haven, US
55
Burlington, US
53
Acadia Universitylocation not on record
45
Montréal, CA
29
Toronto, CA
28
Millersville, US
28
Allentown, US
27
Université Lavallocation not on record
25
Bloomington, US
24
Wuzhou, CN
21
St. Paul, US
18
Appalachian State Universitylocation not on record
15
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
15
Chapel Hill, US
13
Keene State Universitylocation not on record
12
Williamsburg, US
12
Staten Island, US
10
University of Wisconsinlocation not on record
10
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
9
Saint John, CA
8
Philadelphia, US
7
Xiamen, CN
7
Dekalb, US
7
Dover, US
7
Western Carolina Universitylocation not on record
7
Norfolk, US
6
Mount Pleasant, US
6
Bangkok, TH
6
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
4
Christchurch, NZ
4
Miami, US
3
Denver, US
3
Fairfax, US
3
Durham, US
3
Columbia, US
2
Washington, US
2
Paris, FR
2
University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record
2
DOI/NPS, Greenbelt Parklocation not on record
2
Mohonk Preservelocation not on record
2
Whitewater, US
2
Oswego, US
2
Chicago, US
2
Fargo, US
2
Kingston, US
2
DULlocation not on record
2
Smithsonian Institutionlocation not on record
1
McWane Science Centerlocation not on record
1
MeiseBGlocation not on record
1
Long Beach, US
1
Chicago, US
1
Davenport, US
1
Jurica-Suchy Nature Museumlocation not on record
1
Flagstaff, US
1
McGill University, Herbariumlocation not on record
1
University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record
1
Montréal, CA
1
Pullman, US
1
University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record
1
Black Rock Forest Consortiumlocation not on record
1
Oskarshamn, SE
1
Berlin, DE
1
Mississippi State, US
1
Hamilton, US
1
Clemson, US
1
Richmond, US
1
Northridge, US
1
ASUlocation not on record
1
New Brunswick, US
1
78 institutions · 1 599 of 1 682 vouchered records shown · 83 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA21 detections
Where the DNA of Panax trifolius was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found21
Studies independent surveys2
Countries2
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 21 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.2 °C 14.0–18.0
Seasonal swing summer↔winter29.2 °C
Max temp (day)19.0 °C 18.2–22.6
Min temp (night)13.1 °C 9.50–13.7
Precipitation91.1 mm/mo 89.2–100
Air humidity57.4 % 55.7–58.1
Moisture balance-44.2 mm/mo -46.3–-36.8
Vapour deficit718 Pa 707–881
Wind speed3.70 m/s 3.30–4.10
Cloud cover43.8 % 43.4–47.2
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility12 825 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI21 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics19 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗