A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Paludella squarrosa has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens14
Marker genes7
GenBank sequences6
eDNA detections4
Countries3
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★rbcL4★rbcLa★trnL-F★ITS2★ITS2atpF-atpHtrnH-psbA
plant barcodefungal barcodemarker
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualPaludella squarrosa carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 22 n = 11
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
n 101×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Kuta, E., R. Ochyra & L. Przywara. 1990. Chromosome studies on Polish bryophytes: V. Polish Bot. Stud. 1: 127–147.
n 111×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Fritsch, R. 1984. Chromosome numbers of some mosses and liverworts from northern Poland. Lindbergia 9: 160–162.
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type11 718 records
Wild obs. + sensor8 060
Museum / vouchered3 649
Cultivated / captive2
Other7
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO23 964 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy83% within 1 km
≤100 m 5 081≤1 km 929≤10 km 1 144>10 km 52
7 206 georeferenced · 854 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor8 060
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy43% within 1 km
≤100 m 363≤1 km 413≤10 km 694>10 km 334
1 804 georeferenced · 1 845 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence3 649
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
>10 km 2
2 georeferenced
Open the mapnot free-living2
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions53 of 101 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Trondheim, NO
330
Uppsala, SE
288
LDlocation not on record
233
Vancouver, CA
216
Bronx, US
194
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record
156
Garðabær, IS
124
Durham, US
109
Olocation not on record
105
Edmonton, CA
98
Uniwersytet Wrocławskilocation not on record
94
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
94
Knoxville, US
84
Stockholm, SE
69
Kuopio, FI
67
Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institutelocation not on record
56
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
54
South Kensington, GB
52
Université Lavallocation not on record
51
Metsähallituslocation not on record
51
Philadelphia, US
50
Tartu, EE
48
Madison, US
46
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record
45
BRNUlocation not on record
44
Ann Arbor, US
44
Oskarshamn, SE
43
Yugra State University Biological Collectionlocation not on record
40
Frankfurt am Main
38
WTUlocation not on record
35
TROMlocation not on record
31
Helsinki, FI
29
CASlocation not on record
28
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
28
25
IFR-DNFlocation not on record
25
Saint Louis, US
24
Montréal, CA
23
PHlocation not on record
17
McWane Science Centerlocation not on record
15
Minia, EG
15
Oulu, FI
15
University of Gdansklocation not on record
14
Göteborg, SE
13
St. Paul, US
13
Turku, FI
12
Chicago, US
12
Cincinnati, US
12
Tallinn, EE
12
Lausanne, CH
12
US
11
MAlocation not on record
11
SZUlocation not on record
11
New Haven, US
11
GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record
10
Zürich, CH
10
Missoula, US
9
GJOlocation not on record
8
Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Researchlocation not on record
8
Buenos Aires, AR
6
AADClocation not on record
6
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
6
Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record
5
Portland, US
5
Anchorage, US
5
Porvoo, FI
5
International Salmonella Centre (W.H.O.)location not on record
5
CJBGlocation not on record
5
Edinburgh, GB
4
nbflocation not on record
4
AASlocation not on record
4
Société québécoise de bryologie (SQB)location not on record
4
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
4
Rovaniemi, FI
3
Institute of the Industrial Ecology Problems of the North of Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences.location not on record
3
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
3
BioFokuslocation not on record
2
NTNU University Museum, Department of Natural Historylocation not on record
2
Kandalaksha State Nature Reservelocation not on record
2
State Museum of Natural History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukrainelocation not on record
2
EL PASO, US
1
Naturama Aargaulocation not on record
1
Jyväskylä, FI
1
Auckland, NZ
1
New Brunswick, US
1
Northridge, US
1
Davis, US
1
Chapel Hill, US
1
Canadian Museum of Nature, Natural Heritage Collectionlocation not on record
1
Beijing, CN
1
Henderson, US
1
Bourges, FR
1
Oregon State Universitylocation not on record
1
Logan, US
1
Slovak National Museumlocation not on record
1
Yukon Universitylocation not on record
1
Fribourg, CH
1
DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record
1
Salzburg, AT
1
Tromso University Museumlocation not on record
1
kunlocation not on record
1
101 institutions · 3 528 of 3 649 vouchered records shown · 121 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA4 detections
Where the DNA of Paludella squarrosa was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found4
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 4 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
Scorpidium scorpioides- Scirpus caespitosus …
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median2.20 °C -8.00–8.80
Seasonal swing summer↔winter20.3 °C
Max temp (day)3.60 °C -6.60–11.3
Min temp (night)-1.30 °C -12.6–4.80
Precipitation167 mm/mo 89.0–196
Air humidity63.9 % 61.3–67.3
Moisture balance82.6 mm/mo 42.2–155
Vapour deficit252 Pa 128–425
Wind speed5.90 m/s 5.30–7.10
Cloud cover55.4 % 43.7–61.4
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 4 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation3 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility11 718 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI4 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics14 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗