Osmerus eperlanus
(Linnaeus, 1758) · speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Osmerus eperlanus's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation11 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility164 778 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System13 140 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI67 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics44 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
Catalogue of LifeCOLtaxonomy↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
The smelt or European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus) is a species of fish in the family Osmeridae.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology2
Life cycle & reproduction3
Habitat & environment4
Uses & economy1
Other traits1
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Osmerus eperlanus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
Besides the big genome in the nucleus, cells carry a small, circular loop of DNA inside the cell's energy factories — the mitochondria. It is inherited almost only from the mother and is a leftover from ancient bacteria that moved into the cell. The mitochondrial markers above (ND*, COX, CYTB…) are read from exactly this loop. Outer ring = one strand, inner ring = the other.
The complete instruction manual Osmerus eperlanus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 542×GoaT · Animal Chromosome Counts Database · GoaT · Animal Genome Size Database
2n 582×GoaT · Animal Chromosome Counts Database · GoaT · Animal Genome Size Database
2n 551×GoaT · Animal Chromosome Counts Database
2n 561×GoaT · Animal Chromosome Counts Database
2n 571×GoaT · Animal Chromosome Counts Database
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type177 918 records
Origin
Range
Depth
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions17 of 42 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| INEP KSC RASlocation not on record | 1 556 |
| NHMOlocation not on record | 413 |
| Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO)location not on record | 265 |
| Stockholm, SE | 211 |
| Zoologisches Museum Hamburglocation not on record | 86 |
| Bonn, DE | 77 |
| ICESlocation not on record | 69 |
| Helsinki, FI | 62 |
| Kuopio, FI | 50 |
| Vancouver, CA | 48 |
| Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record | 27 |
| Ilvolocation not on record | 25 |
| Paris, FR | 15 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 9 |
| KULlocation not on record | 8 |
| Los Angeles, US | 6 |
| South Kensington, GB | 6 |
| SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Münchenlocation not on record | 5 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 4 |
| Cambridge, US | 4 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 4 |
| Oulu, FI | 4 |
| 4 | |
| RWSlocation not on record | 4 |
| Vlaams Instituut voor de Zeelocation not on record | 4 |
| DASSHlocation not on record | 3 |
| MZLUlocation not on record | 3 |
| University of Oslo, Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| NTNU-VMlocation not on record | 2 |
| Toronto, CA | 2 |
| Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 2 |
| PNHSlocation not on record | 2 |
| South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Edmonton, CA | 1 |
| Tilburg, NL | 1 |
| Louisiana State University, Museum of Zoologylocation not on record | 1 |
| Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirolocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Victorialocation not on record | 1 |
| FishBaselocation not on record | 1 |
| University of California San Diegolocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 1 |
| Forssa, FI | 1 |
Where the DNA of Osmerus eperlanus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.