Ornithogalum candicans
(Baker) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt · speciesAt a glance
Sources11 archives
Databases and archives Ornithogalum candicans's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation3 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility132 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI3 eDNA detections↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotypeEvery layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Ornithogalum candicans - MHNT Ornithogalum candicans, known as the summer hyacinth, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to moist grassland in South Africa (Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Free State, Kwazulu/Natal, Eastern Cape). It is a bulbous perennial growing to 100 -, with strap-shaped leaves and white snowdrop-like flowers in late summer. It is still widely referenced under its synonym Galtonia candicans. Originally it had been designated as Hyacinthus candicans, by Baker in 1870. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology3
Life cycle & reproduction3
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment8
Physiology & chemistry1
Compounds documented for Ornithogalum candicans across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile3 classes
Documented compounds20 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[[(1R,3R,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R)-3-hydroxy-17-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(1R,3R,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R)-3-hydroxy-17-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(1R,3R,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R)-3-hydroxy-17-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(1R,3R,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R)-3-hydroxy-17-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(1R,3R,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17R)-3-hydroxy-17-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S)-2-[(3S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,16S,17S)-17-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-16-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-6-methylheptan-3-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(1R,2S,4S,6R,7S,8S,9R,10R,13S,14R,17S)-6-hydroxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)-8,14-dimethyl-7-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-5-oxapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,10.04,9.014,19]henicos-19-en-17-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| 2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3-hydroxy-17-(3-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-16-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| 2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3-hydroxy-17-(3-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-16-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-1-yl]oxy]oxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| 2-[[3-hydroxy-17-(3-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-1-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Ornithogalum candicans has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Ornithogalum candicans carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 169×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
2n 221×CCDB · book-ipcn73-74
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type132 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions4 of 9 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Pretoria, ZA | 33 |
| MSB-3054location not on record | 3 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 2 |
| Durban, ZA | 2 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bern, CH | 1 |
| LDlocation not on record | 1 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 1 |
Where the DNA of Ornithogalum candicans was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.