The round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) is a fish. Defined as a euryhaline bottom-dwelling goby of the family Gobiidae, it is native to Central Eurasia, including the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Round gobies have established large non-native populations in the Baltic Sea, several major Eurasian rivers, and the North American Great Lakes.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Neogobius melanostomus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens214
BINs3
Marker genes3
eDNA detections242
Countries16
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P652 bp consensus189 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 98% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 11 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)0.97%
Haplotypes15
BINs3
Most divergent pair20.6%
EuropeN.AmericaAsiaOther
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P12SRho
animal barcodemarker
Organelle genome
Besides the big genome in the nucleus, cells carry a small, circular loop of DNA inside the cell's energy factories — the mitochondria. It is inherited almost only from the mother and is a leftover from ancient bacteria that moved into the cell. The mitochondrial markers above (ND*, COX, CYTB…) are read from exactly this loop. Outer ring = one strand, inner ring = the other.
▸ Tap any coloured segment — or a gene chip — to see what it is
◖ violet arc = the COI-5P barcode — the ~650 bp read used to ID this species
Pick a coloured segment on the ring — or a gene chip — to read what that gene does.
protein-codingrRNAtRNA
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualNeogobius melanostomus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size1 242 060 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Neogobius melanostomus1.24 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelContig
07Deep time~12.3 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin12.3 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type78 015 records
Wild obs. + sensor62 591
Museum / vouchered2 325
Other13 099
Origin
Native24
Introduced931
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO37 212 km²
Depth
0–200 m sunlit4 581
200–1000 m twilight0
1–4 km midnight0
>4 km abyssal0
median 24.4 m · max 175 m · 4 581 records with depth
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy88% within 1 km
≤100 m 28 382≤1 km 17 162≤10 km 5 221>10 km 1 072
51 837 georeferenced · 10 754 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor62 591
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy47% within 1 km
≤100 m 38≤1 km 22≤10 km 57>10 km 12
129 georeferenced · 2 196 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence2 325
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions16 of 53 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Klaipeda University Marine research institutelocation not on record
398
Toronto, CA
322
SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Münchenlocation not on record
197
Bonn, DE
143
Champaign, US
79
Ohio State University - Fish Division, Columbus, OH (OSUM)location not on record
73
Chicago, US
57
Ann Arbor, US
49
730location not on record
40
TU EMIlocation not on record
27
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
26
Zoologisches Museum Hamburglocation not on record
22
New Haven, US
17
Nizhyn Gogol State Universitylocation not on record
16
SNSDlocation not on record
15
ICESlocation not on record
12
Royal Ontario Museumlocation not on record
8
Brussels, BE
8
Paris, FR
7
I.I. Mechnikov National Universitylocation not on record
7
ZSMlocation not on record
6
Stockholm, SE
6
RBINS-Scientific Heritagelocation not on record
5
TraFi - Finnish Transport Safety Agencylocation not on record
5
Johanna Bergkvistlocation not on record
5
University of Minnesota, James Ford Bell Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
5
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
4
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
4
ARMS-MBONlocation not on record
4
GIMARISlocation not on record
4
Ieva Bardalocation not on record
4
Central Michigan University Museum of Cultural and Natural Historylocation not on record
3
University of Alabamalocation not on record
3
Tallinn, EE
3
Helsinki, FI
3
Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collectionlocation not on record
3
RPlocation not on record
3
2
Cambridge, US
2
Ilvolocation not on record
2
Montgomery, US
2
Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record
1
CASlocation not on record
1
Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record
1
ISUAlocation not on record
1
SYKE- Okko Outinenlocation not on record
1
SGAV-and-NHMDlocation not on record
1
IfAÖ- Institut für Angewandte Ökosystemforschung GmbHlocation not on record
1
North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record
1
Copenhagen, DK
1
Western Australian Museumlocation not on record
1
Frankfurt am Main
1
University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record
1
53 institutions · 1 613 of 2 325 vouchered records shown · 116 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA242 detections
Where the DNA of Neogobius melanostomus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found242
Studies independent surveys5
Countries16
Verifiable raw sequence linked6
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median10.4 °C 7.00–19.9
Seasonal swing summer↔winter20.1 °C
Max temp (day)15.7 °C 11.2–24.5
Min temp (night)6.20 °C 2.10–15.6
Precipitation67.0 mm/mo 42.3–170
Air humidity60.7 % 54.3–64.0
Moisture balance-9.50 mm/mo -61.2–100
Vapour deficit661 Pa 403–1,003
Wind speed2.70 m/s 2.60–4.70
Cloud cover42.3 % 34.2–49.2
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 160 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation12 languages↗
Animal Diversity WebUniv. of Michigan MZspecies account↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility71 980 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System6 035 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI242 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics214 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
Catalogue of LifeCOLtaxonomy↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗