Nelumbo lutea

(Willd.) Pers. · species

image placeholder — illustration coming later

Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Proteales/Nelumbonaceae/Nelumbo

At a glance

Occurrence records6 885

Data sources13

Biological traits85

DNA specimens20

eDNA detections12

Sources13 archives

Databases and archives Nelumbo lutea's data was compiled from.

WikipediaWikimedia Foundation11 languages↗

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility6 879 records↗

OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System6 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI12 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics20 specimens↗

LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗

NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗

GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗

CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗

NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗

GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗

On this page7 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Traits & measurements4 literature sources85 traits

Chemical compositionLOTUS · NPASS80 compounds

Occurrence & distributionGBIF · OBIS6 885 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 2 countries12 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD20 specimens

Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI944 Mbp

01Narrative

Nelumbo lutea is a species of flowering plant in the family Nelumbonaceae. Common names include American lotus, yellow lotus, water-chinquapin, and volée. It is native to North America. The botanical name Nelumbo lutea Willd. is the currently recognized name for this species, which has been classified under the former names Nelumbium luteum and Nelumbo pentapetala, among others.

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

SourcesWCVPGIFTUSDATRY

Size & morphology1

Plant height0.91 m

Life cycle & reproduction23

Bloom periodMid Summer

Coppice potentialNo

Flower colouryellow

Flower conspicuousYes

Fruit seed period beginSummer

Fruit seed period endFall

Growth rate USDAModerate

Life formrhizomatous hydrogeophyte

Life spanannual

⚠ sources differ — TRY: Annual · GIFT: perennial

Lifespan categoryLong

Propagated by bare rootYes

Propagated by bulbYes

Propagated by containerNo

Propagated by cormNo

Propagated by cuttingsNo

Propagated by seedYes

Propagated by sodNo

Propagated by sprigsNo

Propagated by tubersNo

Resprout abilityNo

Seed spread rateModerate

Seedling vigorMedium

Vegetative spread rateRapid

Diet & foraging1

Parasiteindependent

Habitat & environment23

Active growth periodSummer

Adapted to coarse textured soilsYes

Adapted to fine textured soilsYes

Adapted to medium textured soilsYes

Aquaticaquatic

BloatNone

Climatetemperate

Climberself-supporting

Elevation mean2 000 m

Epiphyteterrestrial

Foliage colorGreen

Foliage textureCoarse

Fruit colourbrown

Growth formherb

Growth form USDARhizomatous

Hedge toleranceNone

Known allelopathNo

Leaf retentionNo

Low growing grassNo

Root depth min12 in

Shape and orientationErect

Small grainNo

Woodinessnon-woody

Physiology & chemistry19

Anaerobic toleranceHigh

C:N ratioMedium

Caco3 toleranceMedium

Cold stratification requiredNo

Drought toleranceNone

Fertility requirementMedium

Fire resistantNo

Fire toleranceNone

Frost free days min130 days

Leaf n26.2 mg/g

Leaf p1.9 mg/g

Moisture useHigh

Nitrogen fixation levelNone

Photosynthetic pathwayC3

Salinity toleranceNone

Shade toleranceHigh

Soil pH max8.7 pH

Soil pH min4.6 pH

Temperature min-36 °F

Uses & economy12

Berry nut seed productNo

Christmas tree productNo

Commercial availabilityRoutinely Available

Fodder productNo

Lumber productNo

Naval store productNo

Nursery stock productNo

Palatable humanYes

Post productNo

Pulpwood productNo

ToxicityNone

Veneer productNo

Other traits6

Fall conspicuousNo

Fruit seed abundanceMedium

Fruit seed conspicuousYes

Fruit seed persistenceYes

Planting density max1 746 per acre

Planting density min302 per acre

03Chemical composition80 compounds

Compounds documented for Nelumbo lutea across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").

Compound class profile5 classes

Hydrocarbons32

Acyclic monoterpenoids6

Wax monoesters6

Aporphine alkaloids $ Isoquinoline alkaloids6

Cadinane sesquiterpenoids5

Documented compounds80 total

Tissue Source Quantified only

Compound	Amount	Source
(-)-Caryophyllene	present	LOTUS
(10E)-2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,7,10,14-tetraen-6-ol	present	LOTUS
(12S)-3,5-dioxa-11-azapentacyclo[10.7.1.02,6.08,20.014,19]icosa-1(20),2(6),7,14,16,18-hexaene	present	LOTUS
(Z)-3-Methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one	present	LOTUS
1,2-Dimethylnaphthalene	present	LOTUS
1-Eicosene	present	LOTUS
1-Hentriacontene	present	LOTUS
1-Heptacosene	present	LOTUS
1-Heptadecene	present	LOTUS
1-Hexadecene	present	LOTUS

05DNA & barcoding20 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Nelumbo lutea has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens20

Marker genes6

eDNA detections12

Countries2

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★COI-5P★matK★rbcL★rbcLa★ITS★ITS2

animal barcodeplant barcodefungal barcode

06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI

The complete instruction manual Nelumbo lutea carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Genome size943 770 000 bp

Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).

BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb

FUNGUS0.04 Gb

INSECT0.25 Gb

THIS GENOME Nelumbo lutea0.94 Gb

HUMAN3.2 Gb

WHEAT17 Gb

FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.

Chromosomes2n = 16 n = 8

Ploidy2× diploid · measured

Chromosome records16–162n range16median16mode9records

Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references

2n 169×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · eflora +4

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Okada, H. & M. TAMURA. 1981. Karyomorphological study on the Nymphaeales. J. Jap. Bot. 56: 367–375.

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Diao. 2006. Nuclear DNA C-values in 12 species in Nymphaeales. Caryologia 59: 25–30.

CCDB · eflora

CCDB · book-fedorov — Langlet, Soderberg 1927 cap

CCDB · book-fedorov — Ohga et al. 1962

CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants — Langlet & S. 1927

CCDB · kew — Diao Y, Chen L, Yang GX, Zhou MQ, Song YC, Hu ZL, Liu JY. 2006. Nuclear DNA C-values in 12 species in Nymphaeales. Caryologia 59: 25-30.

CCDB · Cave1962 — Ohga et al. 1962

Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources

diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers

Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.

Assembly levelComplete Genome

Completeness96% BUSCO

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type6 885 records

Wild obs. + sensor6 643

Museum / vouchered242

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO9 888 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy84% within 1 km

≤100 m 3 330≤1 km 1 155≤10 km 450>10 km 374

5 309 georeferenced · 1 334 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor6 643

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy63% within 1 km

≤100 m 63≤1 km 33≤10 km 24>10 km 33

153 georeferenced · 89 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence242

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions16 of 30 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
Wuzhou, CN	84
Austin, US	33
Mexico City, MX	15
Miami, US	15
Durango, MX	8
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record	8
Emporia, US	6
Tampa, US	5
Bronx, US	5
San Francisco de Campeche, MX	4
Mérida, MX	4
Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record	4
EL PASO, US	3
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record	3
Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabascolocation not on record	3
University of Guelph, OAC Herbariumlocation not on record	3
Instituto de Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipaslocation not on record	2
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record	2
Auckland, NZ	2
Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record	1
Québec, CA	1
Millersville, US	1
San Diego Natural History Museum, Herbariumlocation not on record	1
Chicago, US	1
Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record	1
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record	1
AUAlocation not on record	1
Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record	1
McWane Science Centerlocation not on record	1
Toronto, CA	1

30 institutions · 220 of 242 vouchered records shown · 22 without an institution code

09Environmental DNA12 detections

Where the DNA of Nelumbo lutea was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found12

Studies independent surveys1

Countries2

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 12 detections have coordinates

Open the map2 countries0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

Modelled climatemodelled

−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C

Temperature median19.2 °C 19.2–22.3

Seasonal swing summer↔winter26.3 °C

Max temp (day)24.4 °C 24.4–29.4

Min temp (night)15.5 °C 15.5–17.0

Precipitation76.3 mm/mo 32.2–76.3

Air humidity59.5 % 51.7–59.5

Moisture balance-46.8 mm/mo -130–-46.8

Vapour deficit906 Pa 906–1,332

Wind speed2.50 m/s 2.40–2.50

Cloud cover39.4 % 20.8–39.4

CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 4 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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Nelumbo lutea

At a glance

Sources13 archives

Size & morphology1

Life cycle & reproduction23

Diet & foraging1

Habitat & environment23

Physiology & chemistry19

Uses & economy12

Other traits6

Compound class profile5 classes

Documented compounds80 total

At a glance

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers

Record type6 885 records

Range

Wildobservation + sensor

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Wildobservation + sensor

Holding institutions16 of 30 geolocated

Signal

Where its DNA was found

How strong is each trace?

Modelled climatemodelled

Record type6 885 records