A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Megachile relativa has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens149
BINs4
Marker genes1
eDNA detections172
Countries2
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus142 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 97% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 20 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)1.3%
Haplotypes29
BINs4
Most divergent pair13.1%
N.America
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P
animal barcode
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · TreeOfSex
The complete instruction manualMegachile relativa carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
TreeOfSex · invert — Gokhman, V. E. "Karyotypes of parasitic Hymenoptera: evolution, systematic and phylogenetic implications." Unpublished D. Sc. thesis. Moscow: Moscow State University (2003). ↗
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy90% within 1 km
≤100 m 103≤1 km 72≤10 km 7>10 km 12
194 georeferenced · 31 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor225
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy60% within 1 km
≤100 m 144≤1 km 333≤10 km 254>10 km 68
799 georeferenced · 2 890 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence3 689
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions28 of 58 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
WIlocation not on record
893
Beltsville, US
426
274
Cornell University Insect Collectionlocation not on record
223
Wuzhou, CN
215
US
122
Cambridge, US
109
White River Junction, US
102
Toronto, CA
92
Edmonton, CA
86
Oregon State Arthropod Collectionlocation not on record
84
East Lansing, US
74
Provo, US
65
Royal Saskatchewan Museumlocation not on record
59
University Park, US
54
Espace pour la vielocation not on record
47
BBSLlocation not on record
42
University of Guelph, Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record
32
Anchorage, US
32
Weber State University, Bird and Mammal Collectionlocation not on record
30
Vancouver, CA
28
University of Alberta Museums (UAM)location not on record
23
Awka, NG
22
Lexington, US
22
Champaign, US
19
OSUClocation not on record
18
FWSlocation not on record
17
UNHClocation not on record
16
Vermont Center for Ecostudieslocation not on record
15
Cleveland Museum of Natural History, OH (CLEV)location not on record
12
Roberts Creek, CA
11
Universidad Católica de Manizaleslocation not on record
10
Alberta Environment and Parkslocation not on record
9
Zadock Thompson Natural History Collection, University of Vermontlocation not on record
8
Mississippi State, US
8
LULlocation not on record
7
Colorado State Universitylocation not on record
7
Philadelphia, US
7
Middlebury Collegelocation not on record
7
New Haven, US
6
Chicago, US
5
New Haven, US
5
Decorah, US
4
Severin-McDaniel Insect Collectionlocation not on record
4
DOI/FWS, Kenai National Wildlife Refugelocation not on record
3
Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record
2
Toronto, CA
2
University of Central Floridalocation not on record
2
Saint John, CA
1
University of Alaska Anchorage, Herbariumlocation not on record
1
University of Alabamalocation not on record
1
UTSClocation not on record
1
SUNY ESFlocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
Blacksburg, US
1
EL PASO, US
1
Royal British Columbia Museumlocation not on record
1
Université de Montréal Biodiversity Centrelocation not on record
1
58 institutions · 3 370 of 3 689 vouchered records shown · 319 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA172 detections
Where the DNA of Megachile relativa was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found172
Studies independent surveys2
Countries2
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 172 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
Grass edgeTemperate mixed forestRiparian ZoneDeveloped/Roadside; Post Burn Area Near Powe…River/Stream. Low shrub (0.2-1.5 m), Grass/S…lake shore, fireweed
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.2 °C 10.2–18.9
Seasonal swing summer↔winter24.7 °C
Max temp (day)21.6 °C 16.4–25.1
Min temp (night)10.5 °C 4.20–15.6
Precipitation77.6 mm/mo 15.6–122
Air humidity55.9 % 43.8–62.0
Moisture balance-52.6 mm/mo -141–31.9
Vapour deficit771 Pa 560–1,066
Wind speed3.10 m/s 1.90–5.10
Cloud cover39.7 % 14.4–58.8
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 151 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation3 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility3 915 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI172 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics149 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
Tree of SexTree of Sex Consortiumgenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗