A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Megachile ericetorum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens40
BINs3
Marker genes2
eDNA detections43
Countries8
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus38 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 93% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 46 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)1.4%
Haplotypes13
BINs3
Most divergent pair7.8%
EuropeAsia
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P18S-5P
animal barcoderibosomal
07Deep time~10.9 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin10.9 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type10 232 records
Wild obs. + sensor6 890
Museum / vouchered3 119
Cultivated / captive2
Other221
Origin
Native1 608
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO10 104 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy25% within 1 km
≤100 m 918≤1 km 595≤10 km 4 532>10 km 50
6 095 georeferenced · 795 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor6 890
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy8% within 1 km
≤100 m 35≤1 km 201≤10 km 2 559>10 km 74
2 869 georeferenced · 250 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence3 119
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 2 records without
Open the mapnot free-living2
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions15 of 40 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Zürich, CH
488
Musee d'Histoire Naturallelocation not on record
209
Provincia di Livornolocation not on record
173
Bern, CH
172
Helsinki, FI
165
Museum zu Allerheiligen Schaffhausenlocation not on record
80
NMOKlocation not on record
48
Philadelphia, US
47
47
Beltsville, US
46
Museum Ludovicae Ulricae, Zoology Institute of the University of Uppsalalocation not on record
45
Naturéum — Muséum cantonal des sciences naturelles, Lausanne, Département Zoologielocation not on record
39
PRAZlocation not on record
33
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
32
Bonn, DE
30
Muzeum Górnośląskie w Bytomiulocation not on record
26
ZMAAlocation not on record
21
Paro, BT
19
Museo civico di Storia naturale Giacomo Doria di Genova | Giacomo Doria Natural History Museum in Genoalocation not on record
14
Geneva, CH
13
Tilburg, NL
12
ZSMlocation not on record
11
Coimbra, PT
10
Universität Zürich, Naturhistorisches Museumlocation not on record
8
Cambridge, US
8
Uniwersytet Łódzkilocation not on record
6
Frauenfeld, CH
6
US
4
Dhaka, BD
4
Archäologie und Museum Baselland - Museum.BLlocation not on record
4
Ugentlocation not on record
4
Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau Frick | Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Fricklocation not on record
4
ARTlocation not on record
2
Naturkundliche Sammlung Urilocation not on record
2
KZMlocation not on record
2
IENElocation not on record
2
AGClocation not on record
2
European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)location not on record
1
York University, Packer Collectionlocation not on record
1
PRUNlocation not on record
1
40 institutions · 1 841 of 3 119 vouchered records shown · 1 278 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA43 detections
Where the DNA of Megachile ericetorum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found43
Studies independent surveys1
Countries7
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 43 detections have coordinates
Open the map7 countries0
gardenCity parks and large gardens85
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median18.0 °C 14.8–20.6
Seasonal swing summer↔winter19.0 °C
Max temp (day)22.4 °C 18.7–24.8
Min temp (night)12.7 °C 10.0–15.0
Precipitation76.0 mm/mo 53.1–122
Air humidity58.4 % 56.0–60.4
Moisture balance-39.1 mm/mo -80.8–6.40
Vapour deficit871 Pa 723–1,027
Wind speed3.10 m/s 2.00–3.70
Cloud cover36.0 % 35.1–39.2
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 39 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility10 232 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI43 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics40 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗