Malus sikkimensis

(Wenz.) Koehne ex C.K.Schneid. · species

image placeholder — illustration coming later

Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Malus

At a glance

Occurrence records59

Data sources11

Biological traits13

DNA specimens3

eDNA detections3

Sources11 archives

Databases and archives Malus sikkimensis's data was compiled from.

WikipediaWikimedia Foundation5 languages↗

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility59 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI3 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics3 specimens↗

GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗

CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗

NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗

PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype

WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗

On this page6 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Traits & measurements3 literature sources13 traits

Occurrence & distributionGBIF59 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 1 countries3 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD3 specimens

Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI1.3 Gbp

01Narrative

Malus sikkimensis is a rare species of apple known by the common name Sikkim crabapple. Its Chinese name is xi jin hai tang (锡金海棠). It is native to China, Nepal, Bhutan, and part of India, where it is threatened due to loss of habitat. It bears white and pink flowers and dark red fruit.

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

SourcesWCVPGIFTTRY

Life cycle & reproduction3

Deciduousnessdeciduous

Life formtree

Life spanperennial

Diet & foraging1

Parasiteindependent

Habitat & environment8

Aquaticterrestrial

Climatetemperate

Climberself-supporting

Elevation max3 100 m

Elevation min2 400 m

Epiphyteterrestrial

Growth formtree

Woodinesswoody

Physiology & chemistry1

Photosynthetic pathwayC3

05DNA & barcoding3 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Malus sikkimensis has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens3

Marker genes3

eDNA detections3

Countries1

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★matK★rbcL★ITS2

plant barcodefungal barcode

06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT · NCBI

The complete instruction manual Malus sikkimensis carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Genome size1 276 534 500 bp

Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).

BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb

FUNGUS0.04 Gb

INSECT0.25 Gb

THIS GENOME Malus sikkimensis1.28 Gb

HUMAN3.2 Gb

WHEAT17 Gb

FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.

Chromosomes2n = 34 n = 17

Ploidy4× tetraploid · measured

Chromosome records34–682n range34median34mode7records

Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references

2n 345×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-indian_vol1

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Liang, G. l. 1987. Observations of chromosomes of Malus species in China. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25: 437–441.

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Liang, G. l. 1986. Comparative studies of karyotypes in Chinese species of Malus. J. SouthW. Agric. Univ. (1): 104–117.

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Liang, G. l. & X. l. Li. 1993. Chromosome studies of Chinese species of Malus Mill. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 31: 236–251.

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Liang, G. l. 1997. Induction of Giemsa C-bands analyses of banding patterns in Malus sikkimensis. J. SouthW. Agric. Univ. 19(2): 95–97.

CCDB · book-indian_vol1 — Mehra, P.N. & Hans, A.S. 1969; Mehra, P.N., Sareen, T.S. &Hans, A.S. 1973

2n 513×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · kew

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗

CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 — Huckins 1977

CCDB · kew — Höfer M, Meister A. 2010. Genome size variation in Malus species. Journal of Botany 2010: Article ID 480873.

2n 682×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · kew

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗

CCDB · kew — Höfer M, Meister A. 2010. Genome size variation in Malus species. Journal of Botany 2010: Article ID 480873.

2n 852×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · kew

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗

CCDB · kew — Höfer M, Meister A. 2010. Genome size variation in Malus species. Journal of Botany 2010: Article ID 480873.

n 172×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78

CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Mehra, P. N., T. S. Sareen & A. S. Hans. 1973. Cytology of some woody species of Rosaceae from the Himalayas. Silvae Genet. 22: 188–190.

CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 — Mehra 1976

Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources

tetraploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale

PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=1.000 ↗

Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers

Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.

Assembly levelChromosome

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type59 records

Wild obs. + sensor4

Museum / vouchered34

Cultivated / captive6

Other15

Origin

Native7

Introduced1

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO92 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy100% within 1 km

≤100 m 1

1 georeferenced · 3 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor4

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy

no georeferenced coordinates · 34 records without

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence34

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km

≤10 km 5

5 georeferenced · 1 without coordinates

Open the mapnot free-living6

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions1 of 1 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
Beijing, CN	33

1 institutions · 33 of 34 vouchered records shown

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

09Environmental DNA3 detections

Where the DNA of Malus sikkimensis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found3

Studies independent surveys1

Countries1

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 3 detections have coordinates

Open the map1 country0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

Modelled climatemodelled

−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C

Temperature median-2.20 °C -2.20–-2.20

Seasonal swing summer↔winter43.2 °C

Max temp (day)1.70 °C

Min temp (night)-7.00 °C

Precipitation36.6 mm/mo

Air humidity60.4 %

Moisture balance-10.1 mm/mo

Vapour deficit364 Pa

Wind speed2.10 m/s

Cloud cover58.5 %

CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 1 detection point · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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