Malus orientalis

Uglitzk. · species

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Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Malus

At a glance

Occurrence records4 136

Data sources10

Biological traits13

DNA specimens10

eDNA detections10

Sources10 archives

Databases and archives Malus orientalis's data was compiled from.

WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility4 136 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI10 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics10 specimens↗

GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗

CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗

PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype

WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗

On this page6 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Traits & measurements3 literature sources13 traits

Occurrence & distributionGBIF4 136 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 1 countries10 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD10 specimens

Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT763 Mbp

01Narrative

Malus orientalis, the eastern crabapple or Caucasus apple, is a species in the genus Malus found in Turkey (including East Thrace), the Transcaucasus, and Iran. With its relatively large yellow fruit, it has been consumed by people for millennia, with a string of halved, dried fruit being found in a royal tomb at Ur. Drying the fruit and then rehydrating by boiling cuts the tartness. M.orientalis contributed slightly to the gene pool of domesticated apples, a distant second to Malus sieversii.

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

SourcesWCVPGIFTTRY

Size & morphology2

Plant height max11 m

Plant height min10 m

Life cycle & reproduction4

Flowering endMay

Flowering startApr

Life formtree

Life spanperennial

Habitat & environment6

Climatetemperate

Climberself-supporting

Growth formtree

Habitat GIFTforest, forest edges, mountains, rivers, shrubberies

Mycorrhiza typeectomycorrhizal

Woodinesswoody

Other traits1

Plant support typefree-standing

05DNA & barcoding10 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Malus orientalis has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens10

Marker genes4

eDNA detections10

Countries1

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★matK★rbcL★ITS★ITS2

plant barcodefungal barcode

06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT

The complete instruction manual Malus orientalis carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Genome size762 840 000 bp

Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).

BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb

FUNGUS0.04 Gb

INSECT0.25 Gb

THIS GENOME Malus orientalis0.76 Gb

HUMAN3.2 Gb

WHEAT17 Gb

FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.

Chromosomes2n = 34 n = 17

Ploidy2× diploid · measured

Chromosome records34–342n range34median34mode6records

Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references

2n 346×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · kew

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗

CCDB · kew — Höfer M, Meister A. 2010. Genome size variation in Malus species. Journal of Botany 2010: Article ID 480873.

Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources

diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database

diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale

PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=1.000 ↗

Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers

Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.

Assembly levelChromosome

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type4 136 records

Wild obs. + sensor2 065

Museum / vouchered88

Cultivated / captive17

Other1 966

Origin

Native788

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO960 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy3% within 1 km

≤100 m 36≤1 km 16≤10 km 1 958>10 km 25

2 035 georeferenced · 30 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor2 065

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy31% within 1 km

≤1 km 8≤10 km 15>10 km 3

26 georeferenced · 62 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence88

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km

>10 km 1

1 georeferenced · 16 without coordinates

Open the mapnot free-living17

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions5 of 11 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
Moscow State Universitylocation not on record	62
Yerevan, AM	8
Wlocation not on record	7
Berlin, DE	2
BClocation not on record	2
Kew, GB	1
ARM059location not on record	1
BRNUlocation not on record	1
AZE015location not on record	1
Philadelphia, US	1
Frankfurt am Main	1

11 institutions · 87 of 88 vouchered records shown

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.

09Environmental DNA10 detections

Where the DNA of Malus orientalis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found10

Studies independent surveys1

Countries1

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 10 detections have coordinates

Open the map1 country0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

Modelled climatemodelled

−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C

Temperature median-2.20 °C -2.20–-2.20

Seasonal swing summer↔winter43.2 °C

Max temp (day)1.70 °C

Min temp (night)-7.00 °C

Precipitation36.6 mm/mo

Air humidity60.4 %

Moisture balance-10.1 mm/mo

Vapour deficit364 Pa

Wind speed2.10 m/s

Cloud cover58.5 %

CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 1 detection point · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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Malus orientalis

At a glance

Sources10 archives

Size & morphology2

Life cycle & reproduction4

Habitat & environment6

Other traits1

At a glance

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged

Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers

Record type4 136 records

Origin

Range

Wildobservation + sensor

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

Wildobservation + sensor

Holding institutions5 of 11 geolocated

Cultivated / Captivenot free-living

Signal

Where its DNA was found

How strong is each trace?

Modelled climatemodelled

Record type4 136 records