Lithodora fruticosa
(L.) Griseb. · speciesAt a glance
Sources11 archives
Databases and archives Lithodora fruticosa's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation4 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility16 702 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI2 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics2 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotypeEvery layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Lithodora fruticosa, or the shrubby gromwell, is a small 15–60 cm high densely branched perennial shrub. Its erect young stems are covered with short white hairs, while Its older stems have peeling grey bark and are frequently gnarled and twisted. The up to 25 mm long alternate leaves have a covering of flattened hairs and as they grow older they often develop small raised nodules or tubercules particularly near their edges which are downturned. The flowers which are about 15 mm long, vary in colour from violet to an intense blue, with a long petal tube, corolla tubes hairless on outside and only sparsely bristly-haired on the outside of the corolla lobes. Flowers from March to May. The hairy calyx has 5 lobes joined only near the base. The nutlets are up to 4 mm long.Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, David Burnie, Dorling Kindersley Handbooks, 9 Henrietta Street, London, 1995,
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology4
Life cycle & reproduction6
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment8
Physiology & chemistry2
Compounds documented for Lithodora fruticosa across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds31 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2Z)-2-[(4R,5S,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene]acetonitrile | present | LOTUS | |
| 1-Octacosanol | present | LOTUS | |
| Behnic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| beta-Amyrin | present | LOTUS | |
| beta-Sitosterol | present | LOTUS | |
| Campest-5-en-3beta-yl D-glucopyranoside | present | LOTUS | |
| Campesterol | present | LOTUS | |
| Carnaubic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| Coniferyl Alcohol | present | LOTUS | |
| Docosan-1-ol | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Lithodora fruticosa has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Lithodora fruticosa carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 164×CCDB · nw-europe-fl · CCDB · book-ipcn72 · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +1
2n 264×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
2n 284×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · fl-europaea · CCDB · book-fedorov +1
2n 383×CCDB · mediterranean · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
2n 402×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
2n 351×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
n 183×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
n 172×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
n 191×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
n 201×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type16 702 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions25 of 47 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| València, ES | 123 |
| MAlocation not on record | 116 |
| Barcelona, ES | 68 |
| Granada, ES | 45 |
| BClocation not on record | 44 |
| Vitoria, ES | 43 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 43 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 29 |
| Madrid, ES | 26 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 25 |
| San Sebastián, ES | 24 |
| Alicante, ES | 18 |
| Wlocation not on record | 15 |
| Pamplona, ES | 15 |
| Salamanca, ES | 15 |
| Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)location not on record | 12 |
| Museo della Bonifica di San Donà di Piavelocation not on record | 8 |
| Jaén, ES | 8 |
| CICYTEXlocation not on record | 7 |
| Córdoba, ES | 6 |
| RJBJCIlocation not on record | 5 |
| Pamplona, ES | 5 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 5 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 5 |
| Badajoz, ES | 5 |
| Sevilla, ES | 3 |
| Porrentruy, CH | 2 |
| EEZA-CSIClocation not on record | 2 |
| Madrid, ES | 2 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 2 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| Québec, CA | 1 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| Saint Louis, US | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| IPE-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 1 |
| Gijón, ES | 1 |
| OLAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universität Göttingenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Henry Brockhouse Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Lithodora fruticosa was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.