Liquidambar formosana
Hance · speciesAt a glance
Sources15 archives
Databases and archives Liquidambar formosana's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation9 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility3 634 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI19 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics25 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Liquidambar formosana, commonly known as the Taiwanese sweet gum or Formosan gum, is a species of tree in the family Altingiaceae native to East Asia.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology7
Life cycle & reproduction7
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment8
Physiology & chemistry9
Other traits3
Compounds documented for Liquidambar formosana across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds75 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Betulonic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,4aS,10aR)-7-Isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (1S,2R,4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-1,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (1S,4As,10aR)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (3aS,5aR,5bR,7aR,11aR,11bS,13aS,13bR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-ylidene-3a,4,5,6,7,7a,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-2,9-dione | present | NPASS | |
| (4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (L)-alpha-terpineol | present | NPASS | |
| (R)-Limonene | present | NPASS | |
| (S)-p-Menth-1-en-4-ol | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Liquidambar formosana has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Liquidambar formosana carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 323×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type3 634 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions71 of 112 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 350 |
| Beijing, CN | 251 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 205 |
| Nanjing, CN | 120 |
| Guilin, CN | 105 |
| Chengdu, CN | 94 |
| Kunming, CN | 86 |
| Wuhan, CN | 68 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 42 |
| Nanjing, CN | 36 |
| Seoul, KR | 35 |
| Siouxland Heritage Museumlocation not on record | 32 |
| Guiyang, CN | 29 |
| National Museum of Natural Sciencelocation not on record | 28 |
| Guangxi Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 28 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 26 |
| Xiamen, CN | 26 |
| Taipei, TW | 24 |
| Taipei, TW | 23 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 20 |
| Chinese Academy of Forestrylocation not on record | 18 |
| Wuhan, CN | 18 |
| Anhui Normal Universitylocation not on record | 17 |
| Chengdu, CN | 16 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 15 |
| Shanghai, CN | 14 |
| Changsha, CN | 13 |
| FJFClocation not on record | 12 |
| Guiyang, CN | 12 |
| Bronx, US | 12 |
| FJIDClocation not on record | 12 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 12 |
| FFPRIlocation not on record | 12 |
| WNNUlocation not on record | 11 |
| Tokushima, JP | 10 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 10 |
| Chongqing, CN | 9 |
| Taipei, TW | 9 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 9 |
| SCAUlocation not on record | 9 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 8 |
| South China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 7 |
| Saint Louis, US | 7 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 7 |
| Guiyang, CN | 7 |
| Chongqing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 6 |
| nlocation not on record | 6 |
| Beijing, CN | 6 |
| Zhuzhou, CN | 6 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 6 |
| Tampa, US | 5 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 5 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 5 |
| Kochi, JP | 5 |
| Guizhou Forestry Schoollocation not on record | 4 |
| Osaka, JP | 4 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 4 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 4 |
| Xian, CN | 4 |
| CASlocation not on record | 4 |
| Nishihara, JP | 4 |
| Philadelphia, US | 3 |
| Xinxiang, CN | 3 |
| Auckland, NZ | 3 |
| Vitoria, ES | 3 |
| Kew, GB | 3 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 3 |
| Salvador, BR | 3 |
| Xian, CN | 3 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 3 |
| Shanghai, CN | 3 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 3 |
| Odawara, JP | 3 |
| Yunnan Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| EMTCMlocation not on record | 2 |
| Bothell, US | 2 |
| Honolulu, US | 2 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 2 |
| Awka, NG | 2 |
| Sanda, JP | 2 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Jiangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicinelocation not on record | 2 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| South Kensington, GB | 2 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| New Brunswick, US | 1 |
| Guiyang, CN | 1 |
| Turku, FI | 1 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 1 |
| htclocation not on record | 1 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| Zürich, CH | 1 |
| Chiba, JP | 1 |
| Riverside, US | 1 |
| LDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Paris, FR | 1 |
| Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Little Rock, US | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| Chengdu, CN | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record | 1 |
| San Bernardino, US | 1 |
| Cincinnati, US | 1 |
| 黔东南州民族医药研究所标本室location not on record | 1 |
| Hebei Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Xining, CN | 1 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 1 |
| Porto Alegre, BR | 1 |
| Bangkok, TH | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Liquidambar formosana was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.