Ligustrum obtusifolium
Siebold & Zucc. · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Ligustrum obtusifolium's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation5 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility13 471 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI29 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics3 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Ligustrum obtusifolium (border privet or Amur privet) is a species of privet, native to Japan, Korea and northeastern China (Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shandong, Zhejiang).Flora of China: Ligustrum obtusifoliumKew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Ligustrum obtusifolium The species is considered invasive in parts of the United States. It has become very common in southern New England, the mid-Atlantic States, and the Great Lakes regions, with scattered occurrences in the South, the Great Plains, and Washington state.Biota of North America Program, Ligustrum obtusifolium With Ligustrum ovalifolium it is a parent of the widespread hybrid Ligustrum × ibolium. Ligustrum obtusifolium is a deciduous shrub growing to 3 m tall. The leaves are 1 to long and 4 to broad.Siebold, Philipp Franz von & Zuccarini, Joseph Gerhard. 1846. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 4(3): 168 There are three subspecies: Ligustrum obtusifolium subsp. obtusifolium. Japan. Ligustrum obtusifolium subsp. microphyllum (Nakai) P.S.Green. Eastern China, Korea, Japan. Ligustrum obtusifolium subsp. suave (Kitagawa) Kitagawa. Northeastern China.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology15
Life cycle & reproduction5
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment10
Physiology & chemistry3
Compounds documented for Ligustrum obtusifolium across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds100 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-syringaresinol beta-D-glucoside | present | LOTUS | |
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (-)-Caryophyllene | present | NPASS | |
| (-)-Syringaresinol | present | NPASS | |
| (2R)-7-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | NPASS | |
| (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[4-[[3-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26E,30E,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-ol | present | NPASS | |
| (3E,4R)-4-hydroxy-5-methylidene-3-tetradecylideneoxolan-2-one | present | NPASS | |
| (3E,4R)-4-hydroxy-5-methylidene-3-tridecylideneoxolan-2-one | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Ligustrum obtusifolium has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Ligustrum obtusifolium carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 465×CCDB · eflora · CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
n 232×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type13 471 records
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions85 of 151 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Odawara, JP | 177 |
| Nagano City, JP | 176 |
| KR | 135 |
| Shinshu Universitylocation not on record | 106 |
| Bando, JP | 98 |
| Philadelphia, US | 86 |
| Toyama, JP | 86 |
| Allentown, US | 77 |
| Chiba, JP | 76 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 72 |
| Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP | 62 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 56 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 55 |
| Kochi, JP | 40 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 40 |
| Philadelphia, US | 36 |
| Saint Louis, US | 32 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 31 |
| Beijing, CN | 30 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 30 |
| Hiratsuka City Museumlocation not on record | 29 |
| Tokushima, JP | 23 |
| Tomioka, JP | 22 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 22 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 21 |
| Millersville, US | 20 |
| Chengdu, CN | 20 |
| Bronx, US | 19 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 18 |
| JP | 18 |
| NSMKlocation not on record | 17 |
| FFPRIlocation not on record | 16 |
| Anhui Normal Universitylocation not on record | 15 |
| Bloomington, US | 15 |
| Sendai, JP | 15 |
| Kyoto Universitylocation not on record | 14 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 13 |
| Cambridge, US | 13 |
| Nanjing, CN | 13 |
| Osaka, JP | 13 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 12 |
| DNSMlocation not on record | 12 |
| Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukubalocation not on record | 11 |
| College Park, US | 11 |
| Elocation not on record | 10 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 10 |
| Nishihara, JP | 10 |
| Korea National Arboretumlocation not on record | 10 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 9 |
| Beijing, CN | 9 |
| Otaru, JP | 9 |
| KOMlocation not on record | 9 |
| Sanda, JP | 8 |
| New Brunswick, US | 8 |
| New Haven, US | 7 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 7 |
| Burlington, US | 7 |
| Wuhan, CN | 6 |
| Nishihara, JP | 6 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 6 |
| Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record | 6 |
| Toyota city nature sanctuarylocation not on record | 6 |
| Chapel Hill, US | 6 |
| Williamsburg, US | 6 |
| Museum of the Rockieslocation not on record | 5 |
| Obihiro Centennial City Museumlocation not on record | 5 |
| KIWElocation not on record | 5 |
| Taipei, TW | 5 |
| DBF-NHMDlocation not on record | 5 |
| Museum Of Natural And Environmental History, Shizuokalocation not on record | 5 |
| Hudson, US | 5 |
| Minia, EG | 4 |
| Fort Worth, US | 4 |
| Bangkok, TH | 4 |
| Nanjing, CN | 4 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 4 |
| Kingston, US | 4 |
| Lincoln, US | 3 |
| PRClocation not on record | 3 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 3 |
| Little Rock, US | 3 |
| J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Chadron, US | 3 |
| Madison, US | 3 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Dekalb, US | 3 |
| Chengdu, CN | 3 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 3 |
| ENTClocation not on record | 3 |
| Wlocation not on record | 3 |
| Provo, US | 3 |
| Plocation not on record | 3 |
| DMZ botanic gardenlocation not on record | 2 |
| Xiamen, CN | 2 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Auckland, NZ | 2 |
| Pittsburg, US | 2 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 2 |
| Oiso Municipal Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 2 |
| Yangling, CN | 2 |
| Oswego, US | 2 |
| SJNAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Iwate Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Pullman, US | 2 |
| DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record | 2 |
| Xinxiang, CN | 2 |
| Nanjing, CN | 2 |
| Angwin, US | 2 |
| Ishikawa Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 2 |
| Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP | 2 |
| Boise, US | 1 |
| Kushiro City Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Changsha, CN | 1 |
| Jiangxi College of Educationlocation not on record | 1 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 1 |
| Xian, CN | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 1 |
| Pocatello, US | 1 |
| Tacoma, US | 1 |
| “Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University" NPLClocation not on record | 1 |
| Shanghai, CN | 1 |
| Knoxville, US | 1 |
| LINUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Guilin, CN | 1 |
| J. Rusek Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 1 |
| Morgantown, US | 1 |
| GNWPlocation not on record | 1 |
| Akita Prefectural Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 1 |
| Xian, CN | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Northridge, US | 1 |
| Missouri Department of Conservationlocation not on record | 1 |
| DOI/NPS, Selma to Montgomery National Historic Traillocation not on record | 1 |
| GB | 1 |
| Beijing Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Shenyang Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| SIHUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Northeastern Forestry Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Royal Botanical Gardenslocation not on record | 1 |
| Jurica-Suchy Nature Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Riverside, US | 1 |
| Dover, US | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Ligustrum obtusifolium was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.