Iris xiphium
speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Iris xiphium's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 953 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI1 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics1 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
L'iris xiphium, communément appelé iris espagnol ou iris à feuille en glaive, est un iris originaire d' Espagne et du Portugal. Mais on le trouve également en Corse, dans le sud de la France, dans le sud de l' Italie, en Algérie et en Tunisie. Cette espèce est également connue sous le nom de petit iris à racines bulbeuses. Il a été illustré pour la première fois dans «Fleurs de la Méditerranée» en 1965. On le trouve référencé dans la dition sur Flore de la France méditerranéenne continentale. Il est bulbeux et porte des fleurs bleues, violettes, blanches ou jaunes, bien qu'elles ne soient pas aussi grandes que celles de l'Iris latifolia (syn. I. xiphiodes), elles ont environ 6 cm de large. La plante peut atteindre jusqu'à 80 cm. La floraison a lieu en juin. Les feuilles vert grisâtre émergent à l'automne, elles poussent entre 20 et 70 cm de hauteur. Les feuilles meurent après la décoloration des fleurs. L'iris espagnol est apprécié des fleuristes pour ses combinaisons de couleurs saisissantes. Cette espèce a plusieurs variétés populaires en horticulture, parmi lesquelles var. lusitanica dont les fleurs sont jaunes partout. Il fait partie des iris bulbeux les plus résistants et peut être cultivé dans le nord de l'Europe. Il nécessite d'être planté dans des lits bien drainés dans un sol ouvert très léger, moyennement enrichi, et devrait avoir une position plutôt abritée.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology1
Life cycle & reproduction3
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment6
Physiology & chemistry1
Compounds documented for Iris xiphium across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds14 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2S,3S)-2-dec-9-en-1,3,5,7-tetraynyl-3-methyloxirane | present | NPASS | |
| (3R)-2-methyl-6-methylideneoct-7-ene-2,3-diol | present | NPASS | |
| 1,11-Tridecadiene-3,5,7,9-tetrayne | present | NPASS | |
| 2-methoxy-1-(2-methylpropoxy)-4-[(1S)-1-(2-methylpropoxy)prop-2-enyl]benzene | present | NPASS | |
| 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl acetate | present | NPASS | |
| [(1S)-1-[3-methoxy-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl]prop-2-enyl] acetate | present | NPASS | |
| Caryophyllene oxide | present | NPASS | |
| Cinnamyl alcohol | present | NPASS | |
| OYHPWFRLKZQWNW-VSBPXGATSA-N | present | NPASS | |
| RHCTXHCNRLCYBN-HTSMESKQSA-N | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Iris xiphium has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Iris xiphium carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 3423×CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · fl-europaea +5
2n 282×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
2n 171×CCDB · book-ipcn67-71
n 171×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
Record type2 953 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions20 of 35 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Paris, FR | 74 |
| València, ES | 50 |
| Barcelona, ES | 20 |
| South Kensington, GB | 14 |
| MAlocation not on record | 12 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 11 |
| BClocation not on record | 11 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 10 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 10 |
| Museo della Bonifica di San Donà di Piavelocation not on record | 10 |
| Wlocation not on record | 8 |
| Vitoria, ES | 4 |
| Jaén, ES | 4 |
| Sevilla, ES | 3 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 3 |
| Saint Louis, US | 2 |
| Badajoz, ES | 2 |
| Bern, CH | 2 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Salamanca, ES | 2 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 2 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| Granada, ES | 1 |
| Parkville, AU | 1 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 1 |
| Henry Brockhouse Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| CASlocation not on record | 1 |
| BAYLUlocation not on record | 1 |
| EEZA-CSIClocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Alicante, ES | 1 |
| Córdoba, ES | 1 |
| Fort Worth, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Iris xiphium was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.