Iris spuria
speciesAt a glance
Occurrence records2 040
Data sources12
Biological traits33
DNA specimens0
eDNA detections4
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Iris spuria's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 040 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI4 eDNA detections↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗On this page7 sections
Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
NarrativeWikipediaarticle
Traits & measurements4 literature sources33 traits
Chemical compositionLOTUS · NPASS96 compounds
Occurrence & distributionGBIF2 040 records
Environmental DNA1 datasets · 1 countries4 detections
DNA & barcodingNCBIsequences
Genome at a glanceCCDB2n = 22
01Narrative
Iris spuria est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Iridaceae.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
02Traits & measurements
SourcesGIFTLEDATRYWCVP
Size & morphology11
Leaf width10 mm
Leaf width max10 mm
Leaf width min10 mm
Plant height0.6 m
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 0.6 m · LEDA: 0.45 m · TRY: 0.45 m
Plant height generative0.45 m
Plant height max0.9 m
Plant height min0.3 m
Seed length5.92 mm
Seed mass24.13 mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 24.13 mg · LEDA: 24.23 mg · GIFT: 26.04 mg
Seed mass max29.23 mg
Seed mass min24.23 mg
Life cycle & reproduction8
Deciduousnessaestival
⚠ sources differ — TRY: aestival · GIFT: deciduous
Dispersal typewater
Flowering endJul
Flowering startJun
Life formrhizomatous geophyte
Life spanperennial
Raunkiær life formcryptophyte
Reproduction asexualpresent
Diet & foraging1
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment7
Aquaticterrestrial
Climatetemperate
Climberself-supporting
Epiphyteterrestrial
Growth formherb
Habitat GIFTLowland
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry4
Leaf dry-matter content (LDMC)273 mg/g
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Seed longevity index0
Specific leaf area (SLA)7.56 mm²/mg
Other traits2
Diaspore typeone-seeded generative dispersule
Plant support typefree-standing
03Chemical composition96 compounds
Compounds documented for Iris spuria across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Isoflavones23
Cinnamic acids and derivatives8
Furofuranoid lignans6
Flavones3
N-acyl amines3
Documented compounds96 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Sabinene | present | NPASS | |
| (+/-)-Asarinol A | present | NPASS | |
| (-)-alpha-Pinene | present | NPASS | |
| (-)-Asarinin | present | NPASS | |
| (-)-Camphene | present | NPASS | |
| (1R,2S,5R,6R)-5'-O-methylpluviatilol | present | NPASS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2S,3R,4S)-3-[(3E,5R,7E,11S)-11,12-dihydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-5-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxytrideca-3,7-dienyl]-4-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-2-[3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-2-[3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl]-3-[(3E,5R,7E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-11-oxo-5,12-bis[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]trideca-3,7-dienyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-[(3E,5R,7E)-12-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-11-oxo-5-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxytrideca-3,7-dienyl]-3,4-dimethyl-2-[3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS | |
| (2E)-2-[(2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-[(3E,5R,7E)-12-hydroxy-4,8,12-trimethyl-11-oxo-5-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxytrideca-3,7-dienyl]-3,4-dimethyl-2-[3-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl]cyclohexylidene]propanal | present | LOTUS |
05DNA & barcoding6 sequences
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Iris spuria has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
Marker genes2
GenBank sequences6
eDNA detections4
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
GNNNATCNNTTNGGNTTCTTGNTTTCNGATAGGGAGGCGCAAGCAAGCAAGCGATCGCTCTCTTGTAGGGGTGCGTCCTCGGCGGCATCC …
Iris spuria internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK5★ITS1
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manual Iris spuria carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 22 n = 11
Ploidypolyploid inferred
Chromosome records22–482n range38median22mode29records
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 2211×CCDB · slov-fl · CCDB · fl-europaea · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl +5
CCDB · slov-fl — Murín A. & Májovský J., 1983: Karyological study of Slovakian flora IV. - Acta Fac. Rerum Nat. Univ. Comen., Bot. 30: 1-16.
CCDB · fl-europaea — Westergaard, 1938
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Lippert. 2006. Chromosomenzahlen von Pflanzen aus Bayern und anderen Gebieten. Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 76: 85–110.
CCDB · book-northern-plants — Westergaard 1938.
CCDB · book-indian_vol2 — Westergaard, M. 1938 ; Lenz, L.W. 1963; Lenz, L.W. & Day, A. 1963
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants — Westergaard 1938
CCDB · Cave1963 — Lenz & Day 1963
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Lenz, L. W. (1963). Chromosome numbers in the spuria irises and the origin of the garden varieties. Bull. Amer. Iris Soc. 169: 53-69
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Lenz, L. W., Day, A. (1963). The chromosomes of the spuria irises and the evolution of the garden forms. Aliso 5(3): 257-272
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Lippert, W. (2006). Chromosomenzahlen von Pflanzen aus Bayern und anderen Gebieten Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 76: 85–110
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Westergaard, M. (1938). Karyotypes of the collective species Iris spuria L. Dansk Bot. Ark. 9(5): 1-11
2n 447×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 +3
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Karihaloo, V. 1978. Chromosome numbers of irises from Kashmir. CIS Chromosome Inform. Serv. 24: 21–22.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — ZAKHARYEVA O.I., & L.M. MAKUSHENKO. 1969. Chromosome numbers of monocotyledons belonging to the families Liliaceae, Iridaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Araceae. Bot. Zurn. 54: 1213-1227.
CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 — Karihaloo 1978
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
CCDB · Cave1963 — Lenz & Day 1963
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Karihaloo, J. L. & Koul, A.K. (1989). Cytogenetic studies in the genus Narcissus L. VII. Karyotype and nucleolar condition in some N. pseudonarcissus L. Cultivars Cytologia 54: 589–595
2n 406×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 +1
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Roy, S. C., S. Ghosh & A. Chatterjee. 1988. A cytological survey of eastern Himalayan plants. II. Cell Chromosome Res. 11: 93–97.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Sharma, A. K. 1970. Annual report, 1967-1968. Res. Bull. Univ. Calcutta Cytogenetics Lab. 2: 1–50.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — SHARMA, A., & A.K. SARKAR (Editors). 1967-68. Chromosome number reports of plants in Annual Report, Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of"li"otany, University of Calcutta. The Research Bulletin. 2: 38-Q8.
CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 — Sharma 1970
CCDB · book-indian_vol2 — Sharma, A. & Sarkar, A.K. 1967- 1968 ; Banerjee, M. & Chaudhuri, M. 1971 ; Banerjee, M. & Sharma, A.K. 1971 ; Mehra, P.N. & Sachdeva, S.K. 1976c
2n 383×CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · Cave1963 · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — ZAKHARYEVA O.I., & L.M. MAKUSHENKO. 1969. Chromosome numbers of monocotyledons belonging to the families Liliaceae, Iridaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Araceae. Bot. Zurn. 54: 1213-1227.
CCDB · Cave1963 — Lenz & Day 1963
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Simonet, M. (1932). Recherches cytologiques et génétiques chez les Iris. Bull. Biol. Fr. & Belg. 106(2): 255-444
2n 241×CCDB · fl-europaea
CCDB · fl-europaea — Lovka et al.,
2n 481×CCDB · fl-europaea
CCDB · fl-europaea — Popova &
n 203×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Mehra, P. N. & S. K. Sachdeva. 1976b. Cytological observations on some west Himalayan monocots. IV. Cytologia 41: 31–53.
CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 — Mehra & Sachdeva 1976b
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Mehra, P. N. & S. K. Sachdeva (1976b). Cytological observations on some west Himalayan monocots. IV. Cytologia 41: 31–53.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
PloiDB · genus-scale — chromEvol; reliability=1.000 ↗
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type2 040 records
Wild obs. + sensor1 679
Museum / vouchered278
Cultivated / captive5
Other78
Origin
Introduced34
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO2 460 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy47% within 1 km
≤100 m 567≤1 km 143≤10 km 739>10 km 55
1 504 georeferenced · 175 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor1 679
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy50% within 1 km
≤100 m 5≤1 km 12≤10 km 17
34 georeferenced · 244 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence278
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy50% within 1 km
≤1 km 2>10 km 2
4 georeferenced · 1 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living5
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions22 of 44 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Paris, FR | 151 |
| LDlocation not on record | 30 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 10 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 8 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 7 |
| South Kensington, GB | 7 |
| Kew, GB | 6 |
| BClocation not on record | 5 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 4 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 4 |
| València, ES | 3 |
| Madrid, ES | 2 |
| Bourges, FR | 2 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 2 |
| SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record | 2 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Xiamen, CN | 2 |
| SZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 2 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 2 |
| US | 1 |
| Alicante, ES | 1 |
| Auckland, NZ | 1 |
| Hazara Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| New Haven, US | 1 |
| Porvoo, FI | 1 |
| Boumlocation not on record | 1 |
| JBCLMlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Kuopio, FI | 1 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 1 |
| NBSIlocation not on record | 1 |
| MAlocation not on record | 1 |
| AUT001location not on record | 1 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 1 |
| HUN003location not on record | 1 |
| Bern, CH | 1 |
| Universität Göttingenlocation not on record | 1 |
| GJOlocation not on record | 1 |
| Salzburg, AT | 1 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 1 |
44 institutions · 277 of 278 vouchered records shown · 1 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA4 detections
Where the DNA of Iris spuria was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found4
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 4 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median10.7 °C 10.7–10.7
Seasonal swing summer↔winter22.1 °C
Max temp (day)15.0 °C
Min temp (night)5.70 °C
Precipitation112 mm/mo
Air humidity62.4 %
Moisture balance32.0 mm/mo
Vapour deficit551 Pa
Wind speed4.00 m/s
Cloud cover43.3 %
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 3 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.